Table 5. Tradition 3: Service users’ and carers’ experiences and involvement in CPA.

Positive findings	Negative findings
Encouraged independence and Service users well informed [68–72]; Service users have more trust/comfort in staff [21, 72]; Service users have more say/choice in their care [21, 68, 72 and felt involved [73]; Generated more contact with carers [21, 24]; Greater carer satisfaction [21, 71]	Inadequate SU involvement [26, 35, 38, 39, 40, 69, 70, 73, 74,]; SUs unaware of/not allocated keyworkers [25, 26, 33, 73]; SUs unaware/little understanding of CPA [25, 26, 35, 74]; SUs not seen/or hold care plan or CPA documentation [25, 26, 33, 35, 63, 73,]; Carers need more information [25, 71,]; Frustrated carers [25]; Carer involvement ad hoc/no policy [25, 38, 71]; Carers views not sought or taken seriously [25, 35, 38]; Overly focussed on SUs’ problems not strengths [26, 73] Encouraged more focus/priority on severe illness [31, 32]
Quantitative	Survey/interview [62, 64, 69, 71, 73]; Audit [40]
Qualitative	Interviews, observations and documents [31, 35]
Qualitative and quantitative mixed methods	Questionnaire & interview [26, 64, 68]; Postal questionnaire [24]; Interviews, documents, surveys [37,70]