Table 2.

Score features with associated odds ratios (OR) and point values of risk scores developed to predict in-hospital mortality from pneumonia among children less than five years of age diagnosed with respiratory illness or pneumonia.

RISC				mRISC				RISC-Malawi
	OR	(95% CI)	Score		OR	(95% CI)	Score		OR	(95% CI)	Score
HIV- Model:
Low weight-for-age (z-score≤−2)	2.5	(1.6–3.8)	1	Low weight-for-age (−3<z-score≤−2)	2.1	(1.3–3.2)	1	Moderate malnutrition (MUAC 11.5–13.5cm)	1.7	(1.2–2.5)	3
Very low weight-for-age (z-score≤−3)	6.0	(2.5–14.4)	2	Very low weight-for-age (z-score≤−3)	3.8	(2.7–5.4)	1	Severe malnutrition (MUAC <11.5cm)	4.6	(3.1–7.0)	7
Low oxygen saturation (SpO2≤90%)	21.0	(5.0–87.0)	3	Chest indrawing	2.2	(1.5–3.1)	1	Moderate hypoxemia (SpO2 90–92%)	1.5	(1.1–2.3)	2
Chest indrawing	4.6	(2.2–9.4)	2	Refusal to feed	1.8	(1.2–2.8)	1	Severe hypoxemia (SpO2<90%)	5.0	(4.0–6.3)	7
Refusal to feed	1.8	(0.9–3.8)	1	Dehydration	1.9	(1.3–2.8)	1	Wheezing	0.7	(0.5–0.9)	−2
Wheezing	0.2	(0.1–0.6)	−2	Not fully alert at exam	8.0	(5.0–12.6	2	Unconscious at exam	5.7	(4.0–8.1)	8
HIV+ model:				Laboratory-confirmed malaria	0.2	(0.1–0.4)	−1	Female gender	1.3	(1.0–1.5)	1
Low oxygen saturation (SpO2≤90%)	4.8	(3.0–7.6)	2	Concurrent malaria and chest indrawing	3.6	(1.7–7.8)	1
Chest indrawing	2.2	(1.7–2.8)	1	History of unconsciousness	2.3	(1.6–3.4)	1
Refusal to feed	1.5	(1.2–2.0)	1	Night sweats	0.5	(0.3–0.7)	−1
Wheezing	0.6	(0.4–0.9)	−1
Age ≤2 months	6.0	(3.5–10.4)	2
Age 3–12 months	2.2	(1.4–3.4)	1
Severe HIV (clinical classification C)	5.5	(2.5–12.1)	2
Mild/moderate HIV (clinical classification A/B)	2.3	(1.1–5.0)	1

Scores were derived from model coefficients. Higher cumulative scores were associated with greater risk of mortality.