Table 1.

Definitions of Eligibility for and Utilization of Each Preventive Service, 2008–2015 (Individuals Aged 50–75 Years)

Preventive service	Definition of eligibility	Definition of utilization
Tobacco cessation23	Current smoker	Former smoker
Obesity control24,25	BMI ≥30 kg/m2	Weight loss of ≥5%a
Hypertension control26	Blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHgb	Blood pressure <140/90 mmHgb
Lipids control27,28	LDL-C ≥130 mg/dL for non-diabetics, ≥100 mg/dL for diabeticsc	LDL <130 mg/dL for non-diabetics, <100 mg/dL for diabeticsc
Blood glucose control29	Diagnosis with diabetes and HbA1c ≥7%	HbA1c <7.0%
Breast cancer screening30	Women with no mammogram in past 2 years, in women without bilateral mastectomy	Receipt of mammography
Cervical cancer screening31	In women aged <65 years and without prior hysterectomy, no Pap test in past 3 years or no Pap+HPV co-testing in past 5 years	Pap test, with or without HPV testing
Colorectal cancer screening32	Colonoscopy in past 10 years, flexible sigmoidoscopy in past 5 years, or fecal occult blood testing in past 1 year	Receipt of colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy or fecal occult blood testing
Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening33	Men aged 65–75 years who ever smoked with no record of screening	Receipt of screening
Osteoporosis screening34	Women aged ≥65 years	Receipt of osteoporosis screening
Influenza vaccination	All individuals	Receipt of influenza vaccine

^aWeight loss ≥10% in sensitivity analysis.

^bAverage of three latest visits in each calendar year, if they occurred within 90 days of each other.

^cBased on ATP III criteria,²⁸ which were in place during the majority of this study.

LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HPV, human papilloma virus; ATP III, Adult Treatment Panel III; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.