Fig. 2.

FRCs mediate trans-infection of memory CD4⁺ T cells. lnFRCs were cultured in the presence of HIV-1_NL4-3 (100 ng p24) for 2 h, washed extensively, and cocultured with PHA-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) for 4 days. For the cell-free condition, PHA-stimulated PBLs were inoculated with the same amount of input virus and cultured for 4 days without washing off the inoculum. Gag expression among CD3⁺CD45RO⁺ and CD3⁺CD45RO⁻ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. a A representative set of the results obtained using one pair of lnFRCs and PBLs is shown. b Data represent the results of experiments performed using 12 different pairs of lnFRCs and PBLs. lnFRCs derived from four different donors were paired with PBLs isolated from one of eleven different donors. The p-values were determined using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test. ***p < 0.001