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. 2018 Jun 22;8:9568. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-27907-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Expression of endogenous and exogenous GAL-1 in the HK-2 cell assays. (A) HR and DEXA induced GAL-1 release in the supernatants of cells at 4 and 16 h. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE (ng/mL), N = 3/group. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, vs control. (B) GAL-1 expression in the cytoplasm (red arrows) and in the nucleus (white arrows) of the HK-2 cells under different experimental conditions. Bars: 10 μm. (C) Densitometric analysis of GAL-1 expression in the HK-2 cells. Data (arbitrary units, a.u.) represent the mean ± SD of GAL-1 immunoreactivity. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001, vs control, Kruskal-Wallis test.