Table 1.
Single case demographical and clinical data of patients.
| Patient | Age/gender | Disease duration at BL | Symptoms at BL | Side of AE on MRI and IED on EEG | Time of measurement | CSF infla-mmation | Autoantibody titer serum/CSF | Immuno-therapy | Medication |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 34/F | 11 years | TLE, MD, AD | left, temporal left | BL | aTCs | unknown | IA, Steroids iv | CBZ, ZON |
| FU1 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| FU2 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| 2 | 65/M | 4 months | TLE, MD, AD | bilateral (right > left), bitemporal (right > left) | BL | LP, aBCs, aTCs | VGKC (CSF 189 pmol/l, Serum 410 pmol/l) CASPR2 (CSF 1:320, Serum 1:3200) |
IA, Steroids iv | LEV |
| FU1 | LP, aBCs, aTCs | n.d. | IA, Steroids iv | LEV | |||||
| FU2 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| 3 | 57/M | 5 years | TLE, MD, AD | bilateral (left > right), bitemporal (left > right) | BL | LP, aTCs | unknown | IA, Steroids iv | LEV |
| FU1 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| FU2 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| 4 | 27/M | 2 years | TLE, AD | left, temporal (left) | BL | aTCs | unknown | IA, Steroids iv | LTG, DUL |
| FU1 | n.d. | n.d. | IA, Steroids iv | LTG, DUL | |||||
| FU2 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| 5 | 73/M | 7 months | TLE, MD, AD | bilateral (right > left), temporal (right > left) | BL | aTCs | unknown | Steroids iv | LEV |
| FU1 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| FU2 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| 6 | 43/M | 19 years | TLE, AD | bilateral (left > right), bitemporal (left > right) | BL | aTCs | GAD65 (CSF 1:32, Serum 1:320) | — | FBM, ESC, AMT |
| FU1 | n.d. | n.d. | — | FBM, ESC, AMT | |||||
| FU2 | n.d. | n.d. | — | — | |||||
| 7 | 58/M | 2 years | TLE, MD, AD | bilateral (right > left), bitemporal (right > left) | BL | aTCs | LGI1 (CSF positive, Serum positive) | IA, Steroids iv, AZA | LTG, QTP |
| FU1 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| FU2 | none | n.d. | AZA | LTG, QTP | |||||
| 8 | 48/F | 2 months | TLE, MD | right, temporal right | BL | aTCs, OCB | GAD65 (CSF 1:100, Serum 1:1000) | Steroids iv | LEV |
| FU1 | aTCs | GAD65 (CSF 1:100, Serum 1:3200) | Steroids iv | LEV | |||||
| FU2 | n.d. | n.d. | Steroids iv | LEV | |||||
| 9 | 42/M | 2 months | TLE, MD | bilateral (right > left), bitemporal (right > left) | BL | aTCs | unknown | Steroids iv | LEV |
| FU1 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| FU2 | — | — | — | — | |||||
| 10 | 66/M | 2 years | TLE, AD | bilateral (left > right), bitemporal (left > right) | BL | LP, aBCs | VGKC (CSF positive, Serum positive) LGI1 (CSF 1:3.2, Serum negative) |
IA, Steroids iv, AZA | LEV, LCM |
| FU1 | aBCs | VGKC (CSF positive, Serum positive) LGI1 (CSF 1:3.2, Serum negative) |
Steroids iv, AZA | LEV, LCM | |||||
| FU2 | n.d. | n.d. | AZA | LEV, LCM | |||||
| 11 | 50/M | 1 month | TLE, MD, AD | bilateral (left > right), bitemporal (left > right) | BL | LP, aTCs | LGI1 (CSF negative, Serum 1:32) | IA, Steroids iv, RTX | LEV |
| FU1 | aTCs | n.d. | RTX | LEV | |||||
| FU2 | n. d. | n.d. | RTX | LEV | |||||
| 12 | 70/F | 6 months | TLE, MD | left, temporal left | BL | aBCs, aTCs | LGI1 (CSF negative, Serum 1:1000) | IA, Steroids iv | LEV |
| FU1 | aTCs | LGI1 (CSF 1:10, Serum 1:32) | IA, Steroids iv | LEV | |||||
| FU2 | — | — | — | — |
Abbreviations: aBCs: activated B cells; AE: amygdala enlargement; aTCs: activated T cells; AD: affective disturbance; AMT: agomelatine; AZA: azathioprine; CASPR2: contactin-associated protein-2; CBZ: carbamazepine; CyP: cyclophosphamide; DUL: duloxetine; EEG: electroencephalography; ESC: eslicabazepin; F: female; FBM: felbamate; GAD65: 65 kDa isoform of decarboxylase; IA: immunoadsorption; IED: interictal epileptic discharges; LCM: lacosamide; LEV: levetiracetam; LGI1: leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 protein; LP: lymphocytic pleocytosis; LTG: lamotrigine; M: male; n.d.: not determined; MD: memory disturbance; OCB: oligoclonal bands; PE: plasma exchange; QTP: quetiapine; RTX: rituximab; TLE: epilepsy with temporal lobe seizures; VGKC: voltage-gated potassium channel; ZON: zonisamide.