Table 2.
Occurrence of symptoms 4 months before, during and 4 months after cryptosporidiosis as compared to the control group
| Symptoms | Controls (baseline) | Before illness | During illness | After illness | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | aOR | p | 95% CI | n (%) | aOR | p | 95% CI | n (%) | aOR | p | 95% CI | |
| Dizziness | 106 (5.9) | 23 (7.5) | 1.57 | 0.099 | 0.92–2.67 | 80 (26) | 8.30 | 0.000 | 5.54–12.42 | 45 (14.6) | 3.37 | 0.000 | 2.05–5.51 |
| Headache | 359 (20.1) | 44 (14.3) | 0.65 | 0.028 | 0.45–0.95 | 106 (34.4) | 2.34 | 0.000 | 1.73–3.16 | 78 (25.3) | 1.23 | 0.236 | 0.87–1.75 |
| Fatigue | 516 (28.8) | 105 (34.1) | 1.44* | 0.011 | 1.09–1.91 | 239 (77.6) | 11.53 | 0.000 | 8.40–15.84 | 156 (50.7) | 2.85 | 0.000 | 2.12–3.83 |
| Weight loss | 51 (2.9) | 37 (12.0) | 4.94 | 0.000 | 2.99–8.16 | 196 (63.6) | 70.33 | 0.000 | 45.42–108.91 | 61 (19.8) | 8.50 | 0.000 | 5.11–14.14 |
| Diarrhoea | 60 (3.4) | 101 (32.8) | 32.32 | 0.000 | 19.40–53.84 | 269 (87.3) | 564.12 | 0.000 | 298.92–1064.62 | 129 (41.9) | 46.07 | 0.000 | 26.99–78.62 |
| Loss of appetite | 242 (13.5) | 73 (23.7) | 2.80 | 0.000 | 1.66–3.19 | 248 (80.8) | 35.54 | 0.000 | 24.73–51.10 | 91 (29.6) | 3.22 | 0.000 | 2.28–4.56 |
| Abdominal pain | 432 (24.1) | 97 (31.5) | 1.58 | 0.002 | 1.18–2.13 | 245 (79.6) | 15.97 | 0.000 | 11.46–22.27 | 118 (38.3) | 2.22 | 0.000 | 1.63–3.02 |
| Joint pain | 225 (12.6) | 32 (10.4) | 0.78 | 0.262 | 0.50–1.21 | 63 (20.5) | 1.97 | 0.000 | 1.37–2.82 | 52 (16.9) | 1.35 | 0.145 | 0.90–2.04 |
| Eye pain | 110 (6.2) | 11 (3.6) | 0.78 | 0.477 | 0.40–1.54 | 30 (9.8) | 2.40 | 0.000 | 1.48–3.89 | 19 (6.2) | 1.32 | 0.361 | 0.73–2.41 |
| Vomiting | 66 (3.7) | 25 (8.1) | 2.69 | 0.000 | 1.58–4.57 | 100 (32.5) | 15.25 | 0.000 | 10.16–22.90 | 21 (6.8) | 1.96* | 0.031 | 1.06–3.61 |
Number (n) of cases or controls and percentage of the total number of cases (n = 308) or controls (n = 1790) reporting each symptom. Odds ratios (aOR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) are adjusted for age, gender, study year and season
*No longer statistically significant when removing children under 5 years of age from the analysis: fatigue before illness OR 1.32 (95% CI 0.96–1.81, p = 0.085), vomiting after illness OR 1.89 (95% CI 0.82–4.36, p = 0.137)