Table 4.
Association Between Lobar CMBs and Performance on Cognitive Tests in Patients With Hypertension
| Difference in Test Scores (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MoCA Scores | Z Score Global Cognitive Function | Z Score Memory | Z Score Information Processing Speed | Z Score Executive Function | Z Score Motor Speed | |
| CMB No., per SD increase, model 0 | −0.09 (−0.17 to 0.05)† | −0.03 (−0.11 to 0.04) | −0.03 (−0.14 to 0.09) | −0.07 (−0.14 to 0.02)† | −0.03 (−0.06 to 0.05) | −0.03 (−0.15 to 0.04) |
| 1 vs none, model 0 | −0.02 (−0.16 to 0.14) | 0.00 (−0.12 to 0.09) | 0.00 (−0.08 to 0.08) | 0.02 (−0.07 to 0.12) | −0.01 (−0.10 to 0.09) | 0.03 (−0.08 to 0.10) |
| 2 to 4 vs none, model 0 | −0.16 (−0.47 to 0.09) | −0.03 (−0.16 to 0.11) | −0.02 (−0.12 to 0.10) | −0.12 (−0.33 to 0.13) | −0.14 (−0.37 to 0.14) | −0.06 (−0.18 to 0.14) |
| ≥5 vs none, model 0 | −0.60 (−1.52 to −0.12)* | −0.37 (−0.79 to 0.02)† | −0.36 (−0.77 to 0.06)† | −0.73 (−1.67 to −0.11)* | −0.34 (−0.65 to −0.08)† | −0.29 (−0.51 to −0.08)† |
| CMB No., per SD increase, model 1 | −0.08 (−0.12 to 0.09)† | −0.03 (−0.09 to 0.03) | −0.01 (−0.13 to 0.07) | −0.08 (−0.14 to 0.03)† | −0.03 (−0.09 to 0.06) | −0.04 (−0.14 to 0.05) |
| 1 vs none, model 1 | −0.04 (−0.17 to 0.13) | 0.00 (−0.08 to 0.07) | 0.00 (−0.08 to 0.10) | 0.01 (−0.06 to 0.13) | −0.01 (−0.07 to 0.08) | 0.03 (−0.09 to 0.16) |
| 2 to 4 vs none, model 1 | −0.15 (−0.43 to 0.09) | −0.03 (−0.16 to 0.11) | −0.02 (−0.14 to 0.11) | −0.11 (−0.26 to 0.11) | −0.12 (−0.44 to 0.14) | −0.06 (−0.19 to 0.13) |
| ≥5 vs none, model 1 | −0.51 (−1.47 to −0.06)† | −0.35 (−0.81 to 0.02)† | −0.33 (−0.85 to 0.03)† | −0.73 (−1.65 to −0.11)* | −0.33 (−0.58 to −0.09)† | −0.27 (−0.44 to −0.09)† |
| CMB No., per SD increase, model 2 | −0.03 (−0.07 to 0.04) | −0.01 (−0.04 to 0.02) | −0.01 (−0.12 to 0.09) | −0.06 (−0.13 to 0.09)† | −0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) | −0.01 (−0.11 to 0.06) |
| 1 vs none, model 2 | −0.04 (−0.15 to 0.12) | 0.00 (−0.05 to 0.07) | 0.00 (−0.07 to 0.09) | 0.03 (−0.05 to 0.11) | 0.00 (−0.07 to 0.08) | 0.03 (−0.06 to 0.17) |
| 2 to 4 vs none, model 2 | −0.12 (−0.44 to 0.10) | −0.02 (−0.11 to 0.07) | −0.01 (−0.11 to 0.09) | −0.09 (−0.21 to 0.08) | −0.06 (−0.26 to 0.05) | −0.04 (−0.15 to 0.13) |
| ≥5 vs none, model 2 | −0.36 (−1.19 to 0.05)† | −0.23 (−0.42 to −0.06)† | −0.17 (−0.47 to 0.07) | −0.43 (−1.36 to −0.09)† | −0.13 (−0.35 to −0.02) | −0.11 (−0.33 to −0.05) |
Model 0: unadjusted. Model 1: adjusted for age, sex. Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, education, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, current smoker, current drinker, blood pressure, body mass index, intima‐media thickness, presence of silent lacunar infarction, white matter hyperintensities (periventricular hyperintensities, deep white matter hyperintensities) grade, and brain atrophy. CI indicates confidence interval; CMB, cerebral microbleed; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment
*P<0.01; † P<0.05.