Table 6.
IPD Analysis of Effect Size: Vitamin D Supplementation and Markers of Vascular Function
| Outcome | No. of Studies | n | Mean Baseline Value Across All Groups (SD) | Random Effects | Fixed Effects | I2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment Effect (95% CI) | P Value | Treatment Effect (95% CI) | P Value | |||||
| FMD (%) | 10 | 655 | 5.6 (3.6) | −0.03 (−0.78 to 0.71) | 0.93 | −0.17 (−0.58 to 0.25) | 0.44 | 63% |
| AIx (%) | 11 | 832 | 27 (16) | 0.1 (−1.4 to 1.6) | 0.91 | 0.0 (−1.0 to 1.1) | 0.96 | 39% |
| RHI, units | 3 | 220 | 1.65 (0.81) | −0.02 (−0.12 to 0.08) | 0.68 | −0.02 (−0.12 to 0.08) | 0.68 | 0% |
| PWV (all; SMD) | 13 | 1154 | ND | −0.01 (−0.16 to 0.13) | 0.85 | −0.04 (−0.15 to 0.08) | 0.56 | 25% |
| PWV (carotid‐femoral only; m/s) | 9 | 652 | 7.9 (2.8) | −0.01 (−0.31 to 0.30) | 0.96 | −0.04 (−0.25 to 0.17) | 0.70 | 44% |
| PWV (others; SMD) | 4 | 502 | ND | −0.02 (−0.20 to 0.16) | 0.83 | −0.05 (−0.36 to 0.26) | 0.75 | 0% |
| Microvascular function (SMD) | 3 | 129 | ND | 0.36 (0.01–0.71) | 0.05 | 0.36 (0.01–0.71) | 0.13 | 0% |
| Central SBP, mm Hg | 7 | 400 | 120.7 (23.9) | −0.6 (−3.2 to 1.9) | 0.63 | −0.4 (−2.4 to 1.6) | 0.67 | 31% |
| Central DBP, mm Hg | 7 | 400 | 76.5 (9.9) | −0.4 (−1.5 to 0.7) | 0.48 | −0.4 (−1.5 to 0.7) | 0.48 | 0% |
AIx indicates augmentation index; CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FMD, flow‐mediated dilatation of the brachial artery; IPD, individual participant data; ND, not done because of heterogeneity of measurement methods; PWV, pulse wave velocity; RHI, reactive hyperemia index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SMD, standardized mean difference.