Table 8.
IPD Subgroup Analyses for PWV
| Subgroup | No. of Studies | N | Mean Baseline Value (m/s) (SD)a | Random Effects | Fixed Effects | I2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment Effect (95% CI) (SMD) | P Value | P for Interaction | Treatment Effect (95% CI) (SMD) | P Value | P for Interaction | |||||
| SBP >140 mm Hg | 9 | 396 | 8.9 (3.2) | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) | 0.21 | 0.49 | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) | 0.21 | 0.43 | 0% |
| SBP ≤140 mm Hg | 11 | 728 | 7.5 (2.6) | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 1.00 | −0.0 (−0.2 to 0.1) | 0.62 | 40% | ||
| Baseline 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L | 11 | 157 | 7.6 (2.8) | 0.2 (−0.2 to 0.5) | 0.36 | ··· | 0.2 (−0.2 to 0.5) | 0.36 | ··· | 0% |
| Baseline 25(OH)D 25 to 50 nmol/L | 12 | 508 | 8.0 (3.2) | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.2) | 0.67 | 0.17 | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) | 0.38 | 0.15 | 39% |
| Baseline 25(OH)D >50 nmol/L | 10 | 482 | 7.8 (2.6) | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 0.81 | 0.33 | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 0.76 | 0.33 | 12% |
| DM | 6 | 130 | 8.5 (4.5) | 0.1 (−0.3 to 0.4) | 0.65 | 0.30 | 0.1 (−0.3 to 0.4) | 0.65 | 0.30 | 0% |
| No DM | 13 | 1021 | 7.8 (2.5) | −0.1 (−0.2 to 0.1) | 0.32 | −0.1 (−0.2 to 0.1) | 0.32 | 0% | ||
| No ACEi or ARB | 9 | 399 | 7.7 (3.1) | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.2) | 0.70 | ··· | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) | 0.44 | ··· | 21% |
| ACEi, no ARB | 7 | 203 | 8.5 (3.3) | −0.2 (−0.5 to 0.1) | 0.17 | 0.62 | −0.2 (−0.5 to 0.1) | 0.17 | 0.62 | 0% |
| ACEi or ARB | 8 | 364 | 8.1 (3.2) | 0.0 (−0.3 to 0.2) | 0.68 | 0.58 | 0.0 (−0.3 to 0.2) | 0.68 | 0.58 | 0% |
| PTH >5.0 pmol/L | 12 | 482 | 7.9 (2.9) | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) | 0.16 | 0.49 | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) | 0.16 | 0.49 | 0% |
| PTH ≤5.0 pmol/L | 12 | 594 | 7.9 (3.2) | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 0.97 | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 0.95 | 12% | ||
| Ca >2.30 mmol/L | 9 | 456 | 7.8 (3.5) | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 0.91 | 0.12 | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 0.91 | 0.12 | 0% |
| Ca ≤2.30 mmol/L | 10 | 496 | 8.0 (2.6) | −0.2 (−0.3 to 0.0) | 0.11 | −0.2 (−0.3 to 0.0) | 0.10 | 2% | ||
| eGFR ≥60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 10 | 897 | 7.8 (2.3) | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.1) | 0.57 | ··· | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.1) | 0.55 | ··· | 5% |
| eGFR 45 to 59 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 6 | 76 | 7.2 (4.8) | 0.3 (−0.3 to 0.9) | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.2 (−0.3 to 0.7) | 0.41 | 0.45 | 12% |
| eGFR 30 to 44 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 3 | 27 | 8.8 (2.0) | −0.8 (−1.6 to 0.1) | 0.07 | 0.07 | −0.8 (−1.6 to 0.1) | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0% |
| eGFR 15 to 29 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 2 | 8 | 13.7 (1.1) | 0.1 (−2.0 to 2.2) | 0.95 | 0.93 | 0.1 (−2.0 to 2.2) | 0.95 | 0.93 | 0% |
| eGFR <15 mL/min per 1.73 m2 b | 2 | 54 | 9.0 (4.9) | 0.4 (−0.1 to 1.0) | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.4 (−0.1 to 1.0) | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0% |
| Total cholesterol ≥4.60 mmol/L | 11 | 651 | 7.8 (2.3) | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) | 0.24 | 0.54 | −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) | 0.24 | 0.49 | 0% |
| Total cholesterol <4.60 mmol/L | 11 | 398 | 7.7 (3.0) | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.3) | 0.83 | 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) | 0.87 | 23% | ||
25(OH)D indicates 25‐hydroxyvitamin D; ACEi, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; Ca, calcium; CI, confidence interval; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IPD, individual participant data; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PWV, pulse wave velocity; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SMD, standardized mean difference.
a
Data only from studies measuring baseline carotid‐femoral PWV.
b
Or on dialysis.