Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics According to MRA Use, Stratified by HF Status in Patients With AF
| Characteristic | No HF (n=4952) | HF (n=2060) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No MRA (n=4850) | MRA (n=102) | P Value | No MRA (n=1842) | MRA (n=218) | P Value | |
| Age, y | 73 (65–80) | 74 (64–82) | 0.5563 | 76 (67–82) | 73 (64–82) | 0.0242 |
| Male | 2686 (55.38) | 47 (46.08) | 0.0615 | 1083 (58.79) | 130 (59.63) | 0.8120 |
| White | 4399 (90.70) | 95 (93.14) | 0.8955 | 1629 (88.44) | 191 (87.61) | 0.4888 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 127 (118–138) | 122 (110–139) | 0.0721 | 123 (112–136) | 120 (104–130) | <0.0001 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 74 (68–80) | 72 (66–80) | 0.2211 | 70 (62–80) | 70 (60–78) | 0.0065 |
| HR | 69 (61–78) | 72 (64–80) | 0.0097 | 70 (63–80) | 72 (64–80) | 0.0758 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.0 (25.5–33.6) | 30.1 (24.5–36.4) | 0.2917 | 29.3 (25.1–34.9) | 31.99 (9.40) | 0.1261 |
| CAD history | 1340 (27.63) | 31 (30.39) | 0.5371 | 980 (53.20) | 117 (53.67) | 0.8961 |
| Hypertension | 3854 (79.46) | 96 (94.12) | 0.0003 | 1592 (86.43) | 190 (87.16) | 0.7660 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1164 (24.00) | 27 (26.47) | 0.5634 | 699 (37.95) | 95 (43.58) | 0.1063 |
| PVD | 478 (9.86) | 7 (6.86) | 0.3142 | 343 (18.62) | 38 (17.43) | 0.6687 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 3355 (69.18) | 70 (68.63) | 0.9056 | 1401 (76.06) | 170 (77.98) | 0.5280 |
| CKD | 1364 (30.82) | 42 (45.65) | 0.0024 | 807 (46.11) | 112 (52.83) | 0.0642 |
| NYHA functional status | N/A | <0.0001 | ||||
| Class I | ··· | ··· | 643 (35.10) | 49 (22.58) | ||
| Class II | ··· | ··· | 817 (44.60) | 95 (43.78) | ||
| Class III | ··· | ··· | 342 (18.67) | 67 (30.88) | ||
| Class IV | ··· | ··· | 30 (1.64) | 6 (2.76) | ||
| eGFR (MDRD), mg/dL | 70.3 (56.7–85.1) | 62.0 (50.2–72.7) | 0.0003 | 62.4 (47.8–78.5) | 58.7 (45.4–73.9) | 0.0137 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 13.7 (12.5–14.8) | 13.8 (12.5–14.9) | 0.7385 | 13.0 (11.7–14.2) | 13.0 (11.5–14.2) | 0.9382 |
| LVEF | 60 (55–65) | 56 (50–62) | 0.0479 | 50 (40–60) | 40 (30–55) | <0.0001 |
| AAD use | 1850 (38.14) | 39 (38.24) | 0.9851 | 634 (34.42) | 64 (29.36) | 0.1354 |
| OAC (warfarin or dabigatran) use | 3387 (69.84) | 78 (76.47) | 0.1479 | 1415 (76.82) | 178 (81.65) | 0.1071 |
| Cardiologist as provider | 3811 (78.58) | 84 (82.35) | 0.3571 | 1498 (81.32) | 192 (88.07) | 0.0141 |
Values are expressed as number (percentage) or median (25th percentile–75th percentile). AAD indicates antiarrhythmic drug; AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HF, heart failure; HR, heart rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MDRD, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease; MRA, mineralocorticoid antagonist; N/A, not available; NYHA, New York Heart Association; OAC, oral anticoagulation; PVD, peripheral artery disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure.