Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients With Stable and Acutely Decompensated HFpEF
| Characteristic | S‐HFpEF (n=83) | AD‐HFpEF (n=78) | Overall (n=161) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years: n, median (25th–75th) | 83, 72 (65–79) | 78, 73 (65–79) | 161, 72 (65–79) | 0.970 |
| Male sex | 43/83 (51.8%) | 39/78 (50.0%) | 82/161 (50.9%) | 0.819 |
| Race (% white) | 74/83 (89.2%) | 62/78 (79.5%) | 136/161 (84.5%) | 0.091 |
| Weight, kg (median, 25th–75th) | 93.2 (80.5–103.6) | 95.0 (79.1–112.3) | 93.2 (80.5–108.2) | 0.535 |
| Body mass index, (median, 25th–75th) | 32.3 (27.4–37.1) | 33.6 (28.5–37.9) | 32.9 (27.9–37.5) | 0.163 |
| Ejection fraction: n, median (25th–75th) | 83, 62.0 (58.0–66.0) | 78, 55.0 (55.0–61.0) | 161, 60.0 (55.0–65.0) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg: n, median (25th–75th) | 83, 122 (113–137) | 78, 119 (107–131) | 161, 122 (112–135) | 0.029 |
| Heart rate, beats/min: n, median (25th–75th) | 83, 69 (62–80) | 78, 72 (65–84) | 161, 72 (62–80) | 0.073 |
| JVP≥8 cm | 36/80 (45.0%) | 68/72 (94.4%) | 104/152 (68.4%) | <0.001 |
| Edema≥2 | 12/83 (14.5%) | 53/76 (69.7%) | 65/159 (40.9%) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hospitalization for heart failure in past year | 29/83 (34.9%) | 47/76 (61.8%) | 76/159 (47.8%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 65/83 (78.3%) | 69/78 (88.5%) | 134/161 (83.2%) | 0.085 |
| Ischemia as cause of HF | 33/83 (39.8%) | 37/78 (47.4%) | 70/161 (43.5%) | 0.326 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 42/83 (50.6%) | 55/78 (70.5%) | 97/161 (60.2%) | 0.010 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 29/83 (34.9%) | 48/78 (61.5%) | 77/161 (47.8%) | <0.001 |
| Orthopnea | 45/78 (57.7%) | 63/74 (85.1%) | 108/152 (71.1%) | <0.001 |
| COPD | 16/83 (19.3%) | 27/78 (34.6%) | 43/161 (26.7%) | 0.028 |
| NYHA class | <0.001 | |||
| II | 40/83 (48.2%) | 4/69 (5.8%) | 44/152 (28.9%) | |
| III | 43/83 (51.8%) | 50/69 (72.5%) | 93/152 (61.2%) | |
| IV | 0/83 (0.0%) | 15/69 (21.7%) | 15/152 (9.9%) | |
| Baseline anemia | 25/83 (30.1%) | 56/78 (71.8%) | 81/161 (50.3%) | <0.001 |
| Medications at enrollment | ||||
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 53/83 (63.9%) | 30/78 (38.5%) | 83/161 (51.6%) | 0.001 |
| Beta blockers | 61/83 (73.5%) | 64/78 (82.1%) | 125/161 (77.6%) | 0.193 |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 5/83 (6.0%) | 20/78 (25.6%) | 25/161 (15.5%) | <0.001 |
| Any diuretic | 70/83 (84.3%) | 76/78 (97.4%) | 146/161 (90.7%) | 0.004 |
| Loop diuretic | 64/83 (77.1%) | 76/78 (97.4%) | 140/161 (87.0%) | <0.001 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 26/83 (31.3%) | 25/78 (32.1%) | 51/161 (31.7%) | 0.921 |
| Statin | 54/83 (65.1%) | 49/78 (62.8%) | 103/161 (64.0%) | 0.767 |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| Sodium, mg/L: n, median (25th–75th) | 75, 140 (138–142) | 78, 139 (137–142) | 153, 140 (137–142) | 0.127 |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL: n, median (25th–75th) | 68, 25.1 (18.7–35.0) | 78, 33.5 (26.0–49.0) | 146, 30.0 (22.0–44.0) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL: n, median (25th–75th) | 83, 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 78, 1.6 (1.3–1.9) | 161, 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | <0.001 |
| NT‐pro BNP, pg/mL: n, Median (25th–75th) | 83, 648.1 (352.9–1334) | 78, 3146 (1583–5747) | 161, 1482 (596.0–3172) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min; n, median (25th–75th) | 83, 53.5 (39.0–71.4) | 78, 40.0 (30.0–48.9) | 161, 45.6 (34.5–57.7) | <0.001 |
| Baseline core lab cystatin C value (mg/L): n, median (25th–75th) | 83, 1.4 (1.0–1.8) | 78, 1.7 (1.4–2.1) | 161, 1.6 (1.2–2.0) | <0.001 |
P‐values for continuous variables: Wilcoxon Rank‐Sum test. P‐values for Categorical variables: Pearson chi‐square test or Fisher's exact test. ACE indicates angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HFpEF, heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction; JVP, jugular venous pressure; NT‐pro BNP, N‐terminal pro b‐type natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association.