Figure 1.

Schematic diagram of aerosol delivery system. A custom-built atomizer was used to generate budesonide droplets. Aerosol flow was then passed through two diffusion dryers containing active carbon to remove dimethyl sulfoxide and ethanol. The resulting dry aerosol flow of budesonide particles was introduced into the nose-only exposure chamber from the top inlet. Effluent aerosol was discharged from an opening at the bottom of the chamber. [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at wileyonlinelibrary.com.]