. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 24.

Published in final edited form as: Mol Carcinog. 2011 Mar 3;50(12):913–921. doi: 10.1002/mc.20751

Table 1.

Effects of Combined Budesonide and Pioglitazone on Lung Tumorigenesis in Female A/J Mice

Group	Final body weight^a^,b (g)	Tumor multiplicity^a	Inhibition	Tumor load^a (mm³)	Inhibition	Percentage of tumors (<0.5 mm)
Solvent Control	22.3 ± 1.2	5.00 ± 2.00	—	0.30 ± 0.22	—	28.3
Budesonide	20.0 ± 2.1	2.17 ± 1.64	56.7%^*	0.07 ± 0.06	78.4%^*	42.3
Gavage control	20.9 ± 1.9	4.33 ± 1.63	—	0.36 ± 0.33	—	23.1
Pioglitazone	23.0 ± 2.5	4.08 ± 2.11	5.8%	0.13 ± 0.10	63.3%^*	50.8
Solvent and Gavage control	20.1 ± 2.5	4.70 ± 2.41	—	0.26 ± 0.24	—	39.2
Budesonide and pioglitazone	19.2 ± 1.7	2.09 ± 1.45	55.5%^*,^†	0.03 ± 0.02	89.6%^*,^†	87.0

Data shown as mean ± SD.

Average body weight after 20 wk treatment (22 wk after B(a)P injection).

P < 0.05 versus control.

^†

P < 0.01 versus pioglitazone group.