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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurotoxicology. 2018 Mar;65:68–84. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.01.009

Figure 2. Representative images of primary midbrain neuronal cultures exposed to aminoimidazoaazarene HCAs (1 µM) show selective dopaminergic neurotoxicity.

Figure 2

Primary midbrain cultures from E17 rat embryos were treated with IQ, MeIQ, MeIQx, 4,8-DiMeIQx and PhIP for 24 h at concentrations of 100 nM – 5 µM. Cells were stained for tyrosine hydroxylase, TH (green) to identify dopamine neurons and microtubule-associated protein 2, MAP2 (red) to identify all neurons. Quantification was performed at all doses, while representative images are shown here from a 1 µM treatment, where the majority of tested HCAs exhibited selective dopamine toxicity. Images were obtained used an automated Cytation 3 cell imaging reader with a 4× objective. Scale bar represents 100 µm.