Table 1.
Nectar-related traits and pollinator responses for selected crops and crop wild relatives.
| Species (common name) | Plant trait | Response | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Allium cepa (onion) | Nectar volume | + honey bee visits | Silva and Dean, 2000 |
| Brassica napus (oilseed rape) | Nectar volume∗ | + bumble bee visits | Creswell, 1999 |
| Brassica napus (oilseed rape) | Absence of petals | = /+ honey bee visits | Pierre et al., 1996 |
| Brassica rapa (field mustard) | Ultraviolet patterning | + pollinator visits | Brock et al., 2016 |
| Brassica rapa (field mustard) | Floral volatiles | + bumble bee visits | Knauer and Schiestl, 2015 |
| Capsicum annuum (pepper) | Nectar volume × concentration | + honey bee visits | Rabinowitch et al., 1993 |
| Citrus spp. (citrus) | Nectar volume, flower size | + honey bee visits | Albrigo et al., 2012 |
| Cucurbita pepo (zucchini) | Nectar volume, sugar ratios | + bumble bee visits | Roldán-Serrano and Guerra-Sanz, 2005 |
| Citrullus lanatus (watermelon) | Nectar concentration | + honey bee visits | Wolf et al., 1999 |
| Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry) | Floral volatiles | + solitary bee visits | Klatt et al., 2013 |
| Glycine max (soybean) | Flower access (cleistogamy) | - honey bee visits | Erickson, 1975b |
| Helianthus annuus (sunflower) | Nectar volume × concentration | + social bee visits | Tepedino and Parker, 1982 |
| Helianthus annuus (sunflower) | Nectar volume, flower size (depth) | +/- pollinator visits | Mallinger and Prasifka, 2017a |
| Helianthus annuus (sunflower) | Flower size (depth) | - wild bee visits | Portlas et al., 2018 |
| Malus spp. (apple and crabapple) | Flower color | + honey bees visits | Mayer et al., 1989 |
| Medicago sativa (alfalfa) | Size of floral display | + honey bee visits | Bauer et al., 2017 |
| Rubus spp. (caneberries) | Nectar volume | + social bee visits | Schmidt et al., 2015 |
| Vaccinium corymbosum (blueberry) | Nectar volume × concentration | + honey bee visits | Jabłoński et al., 1984 |
| Vaccinium corymbosum (blueberry) | Flower size (diameter) | + honey bee visits | Courcelles et al., 2013 |
∗Surrogate nectar solution dispensed in a range of volumes after removal of naturally secreted nectar. Natural variation in nectar volume for B. napus shown by Pierre et al. (1999) and Bertazzini and Forlani (2016).