Table 4.

Summary of effects of aluminum on NH₄⁺ uptake: (-) inhibition, (+) stimulation, and (0) no change.

Taxon	Al (μM)	NH4+ (mM)	Al duration	Effects	Reference
Oryza sativa	0–1111	0.36	65 days	-	van Hai et al., 1989
Sorghum bicolor	300	0.36–3.6	2–18 days	-	Galvez and Clark, 1991
Hordeum vulgare	100	0.03	5 min	-	Nichol et al., 1993
Triticum aestivum	10, 100	2	2–3 days	-	Ikeda and Yamanishi, 1999
Musa spp.	78.5	0.2	40 days	-	Rufyikiri et al., 2001
Lotus japonicus	102–104	0.2	24 h	-	Pal’ove-Balang and Mistrík, 2007
Lotus corniculatus	103	0.2	72 h	-	Pal’ove-Balang and Zelinova, 2013
Zea mays	166	0.2	7 days	-	Purcino et al., 2003
Zea mays	5–100	0.2–0.24	0.5 h–3 days	0	Durieux et al., 1993; Calba and Jaillard, 1997
Camellia sinensis	400	3.6	24 h	0	Morita et al., 1998
Triticosecale	370	0.2–1.6	4 days	0	Domingues, 2010
Triticosecale	185	0.8, 1.4	5–7 days	+ or 0	Antunes and Antonieta Nunes, 1997
Sorghum bicolor	55–370	2–4	96 h–36 days	+	Keltjens, 1987, 1988; Keltjens and van Ulden, 1987
Glycine max	56	1.4	14 h	+	Klotz and Horst, 1988b

All studies used hydroponic systems.