Table 3.
Longitudinal multivariate incidence rate ratios (IRR) relating oral health measures with pre-diabetes/diabetes and HOMA progression using Poisson regression (only interproximal sites)
| Pre-diabetes/ Diabetes progression | HOMA-IR increase > 20% | |
|---|---|---|
| IRRa (95% CI) | IRRa (95% CI) | |
| BOP ≥ 30% vs < 30% surfaces | 0.65 (0.50–0.86)* | 0.81 (0.70–0.95)* |
| CDC/AAP periodontitis measure | ||
| None | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Mild | 1.40 (0.98–2.02) | 0.93 (0. 72–1.21) |
| Severe | 0.85 (0.63–1.15) | 0.96 (0.81–1.13) |
| Moderate | 0.80 (0.56–1.16) | 0.94 (0.78–1.15) |
| CDC/AAP periodontitis measure | ||
| None/Mild | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate/Severe | 0.75 (0.59–0.96)* | 0.97 (0.84–1.12) |
| Mean PD | 0.81 (0.67–0.99)* | 0.88 (0.79–0.98)* |
| Mean CAL | 0.86 (0.74–0.99)* | 0.96 (0.90–1.02) |
| ≥1 tooth with CAL ≥ 7 vs. none | 1.01 (0.75–1.35) | 1.01 (0.85–1.19) |
| Number of teeth at baseline | ||
| 25–28 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 4–10 | 1.48 (0.76–2.89) | 1.37(1.00–1.89)* |
| ≥1 site with CAL ≥ 7 and/or < 10 teeth vs. none | 1.08 (0.81–1.43) | 1.04 (0.89–1.22) |
| Change in mean CAL (follow-up minus baseline) | 1.25 (1.09–1.42)* | 0.99 (0.92–1.07) |
| ≥1 tooth lost over follow-up vs none | 0.86 (0.58–1.26) | 1.06 (0.83–1.35) |
a
Adjusted for age, gender, smoking status, family history of diabetes, education, waist circumference, alcohol consumption, and physical activity (METs).
*
Statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05