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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2018 May 16;84:258–264. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.05.019

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Combined segmental range-of-motion data (T1 to T12) in all modes of bending (lateral bending, flexion/extension, and axial rotation) for the intact rib cage and no rib cage conditions for human thoracic spines with 400 N follower loads under ±5 N·m dynamic moments (*p<0.05).