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. 2018 Mar 23;164(1):205–217. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy075

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Figure 1. — Flavonoids as inducers of CYP1A1 in Caco2 cells. (A) Structure of flavonoids used in this study. Induction of CYP1A1 by hexahydroxy (B), pentahydroxy- (C) and tetra-/trihydroxy flavonoids (D). Cells were treated with TCDD and hydroxyflavonoids for 18 h, and mRNA expression was determined by real-time PCR. Results are expressed as means ± SD for 3 replicate determinations, and significant (p < .05) induction is indicated (*). (E) Caco2 cells were treated with TCDD and hydroxyflavonoids for 24 h, and whole cell lysates were analyzed by Western blots. EROD activity (F) was determined for all compounds and only those that significantly (p < .05) induced activity are shown. The rationale for the hydroxyflavonoid concentrations are outlined in the Materials and Methods.