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. 2018 Mar 23;164(1):205–217. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy075

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Figure 2. — Flavonoids as inducers of UGT1A1 and role of the AhR. Caco2 cells were treated with hexahydroxy- (A), pentahydroxy- (B), and tetra-/trihydroxy (C) flavonoids for 18 h, and induction of UGT1A1 mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR. Results are expressed as means ± SD for 3 replicate determinations, and significant (p < .05) induction is indicated (*). (E) Caco2 KO1 and KO2 AhR knockout cells were obtained after CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of the AhR, and whole cell lysates were analyzed by Western blots. Caco2-AhR-KO2 cells were treated with TCDD and selected hydroxyflavonoids, and induction of CYP1A1 (E) and UGT1A1 (F) mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR. Data determination and analysis were obtained as outlined for (A–C). Significantly (p < .05) decreased responses in (E) and (F) are indicated (*).