Fig. 3.

Inhibition of NLRP3 activation by EP is independent of potassium efflux. Peritoneal mouse macrophages were primed with ultra-pure LPS (1 μg/ml) for 3 h. with or without the presence of EP (1 or 5 mM), and then stimulated with ATP (5 mM) or nigericin (10 μM) for 30 min. a Intracellular K+ concentration was measured. b Cytotoxicity was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay. c Levels of IL-1β in the culture medium was determined by ELISA. Results are means ± SEM (n = 3). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001