Table 7.
Flow behavior (n) and consistency index (K) of viscous compounds (pectin, xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose), palm oil, and commercial lotion (CL). Note: KA: Kojic acid; KAD: Kojic acid derivative.
| Compounds | Flow Behaviour (n) | Consistency Index (K) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 °C | 40 °C | 25 °C | 40 °C | |
| 10% (w/v) pectin | 0.48 ± 0.01 | 0.60 ± 0.01 | 12.81 ± 3.23 | 5.29 ± 0.38 |
| 10% (w/v) xanthan gum | 0.16 ± 0.06 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 49.73 ± 12.04 | 37.85 ± 1.78 |
| 10% carboxymethyl cellulose | 0.10 ± 0.03 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | 200.06 ± 34.81 | 138.96 ± 9.62 |
| Palm oil | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.00 |
| Standard lotion (SL) | 0.65 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 0.12 ± 0.21 | 3.67 ± 0.16 |
| SL + KA (5%, w/w) | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 0.30 ± 0.041 | 3.23 ± 0.44 | 2.20 ± 1.19 |
| SL + KAD (5%, w/w) | 0.69 ± 0.02 | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 3.03 ± 0.50 | 1.02 ± 0.10 |
| CL1 Vaseline® | 0.86 ± 0.02 | 0.33 ± 0.01 | 0.022 ± 0.00 | 0.29 ± 0.01 |
| CL2 Safi® | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.34 ± 0.01 | 2.29 ± 0.09 | 1.83 ± 0.20 |
| CL3 Nivea® | 0.39 ± 0.01 | 0.31 ± 0.03 | 0.65 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.21 |