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. 2018 Mar 13;23(3):649. doi: 10.3390/molecules23030649

Table 2.

Triterpenes isolated from G. lucidum.

Triterpene Tumour cells Action Molecular Structure Target Ref.
Ganoderic acid (3α,22β-diacetoxy-7α-hydroxyl-5α-lanost-8,24-E-dien-26-oic acid) in vitro Lung:95D
Cervical: HeLa 		cytotoxic graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i001.jpg [36]
Ganoderic acid Mk in vitro Lung:95D
Cervical: HeLa 		cytotoxic graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i002.jpg [36]
Ganoderic acid S Lung:95D
Cervical: HeLa 		cytotoxic graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i003.jpg [36]
Ganoderic acid Mf Lung:95D
Cervical: HeLa 		cytotoxic graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i004.jpg [36]
Ganoderic acid R Lung:95D
Cervical: HeLa 		Cytotoxic graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i005.jpg [36]
Ganoderic acid Mc Lung:95D
Cervical: HeLa 		Cytotoxic graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i006.jpg [36]
Ganoderic acid A Breast: MDA-MB-231 Inhibited growth and invasive behaviour of breast cancer cells graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i007.jpg AP-1 or NF-κB [44]
Ganoderic acid F Breast: MDA-MB-231 Ineffective graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i008.jpg AP-1 NF-κB
uPA
Cdk4		 [44]
Ganoderic acid H Breast: MDA-MB-231 Inhibited growth and invasive behaviour of breast cancer cells graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i009.jpg AP-1 NF-κB
uPA
Cdk4		 [44]
ganoderic acid X in vitro Liver: HuH-7
Colon: HCT-116		 Inhibits topoisomerases and induces apoptosis of cancer cells graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i010.jpg ERK, JNK [41]
ganoderic acid T in vitro lung: 95D
liver: SMMC7721 epidermis: KB-A-1 and KB-3-1 cervix: HeLa		 Decrease in proliferation of some cancer cells. Strongly inhibits the formation of cell colony of 95-D. graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i011.jpg p53 Bax
caspase-8		 [40]
in vitro colon: HCT-116 Inhibits proliferation NFκB-α, MMP-9, uPA, iNOS [45]
in vitro melanoma: A375
colon: Ls174t		 Inhibits growth MMP2/9
NF-κB		 [51]
in vivo Lung: LLC Suppresses tumour growth and LLC metastasis MMP 2/9 [45]
ganoderic acid Me in vitro Colon: HCT-116
HCT-8		 Possesses cytotoxicity graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i012.jpg p53
Bax		 [52,53]
in vitro Lung: 95-D inhibits cancer cell invasion MMP 2/9 [46]
in vitro
in vivo		 Breast: MDA-MB-231 inhibits proliferation and invasion and induces apoptosis NF-κB, TNF-α, VEGF, IL-6/8, MMP-9, Bcl-2, c-Myc and CCND1 [54]
ganoderic acid D in vitro Cervical: HeLa inhibits proliferation graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i013.jpg AHA1
Cytokeratin 19
Cytokeratin 1
PRDX3		 [55]
ganoderic acid E in vitro Liver: Hep G2
Hep G2,2,15		 cytotoxic graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i014.jpg [56]
ganoderic acid DM in vitro Prostate: PC-3, LnCaP inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation and metastasis graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i015.jpg MMP-2 MMP-9
IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and CCL-2/MCP-1		 [48]
lucidenic acid A leukaemia: HL 60 decreases cell population growth, cell cycle arrest graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i016.jpg Bcl-2
caspase-9 caspase-3		 [49]
lucidenic acid B leukaemia: HL 60 Induces apoptosis graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i017.jpg Bcl-2
caspase-9 caspase-3		 [49,57]
liver: HepG2
Lymphoma: CA46		 MMP-9, NF-κB, ERK1/2, AP-1,
c-Jun, c-Fos
lucidenic acid C leukaemia: HL 60 decreases cell population growth, cell cycle arrest graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i018.jpg Bcl-2
caspase-9 caspase-3		 [49]
lucidenic acid N leukaemia: HL 60 decreases cell population growth, cell cycle arrest graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i019.jpg Bcl-2
caspase-9 caspase-3		 [49]
Ganoderiol F in vitro Lung: LLC
Meth A, sarcoma: Sarcoma-180
Carcinoma: T-47D		 Cytotoxicity graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i020.jpg [58]
in vivo Lung: LLC inhibitory effect on tumour growth [50]
Ganodermanontriol Colon: HCT-116, HT-29 Inhibition of cell proliferation graphic file with name molecules-23-00649-i021.jpg β-catenin, cyclin-D1,
Cdk4, PCNA, E-cadherin		 [59]
Breast: MDA-MB-231 uPA, uPAR