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. 2018 Mar 12;23(3):636. doi: 10.3390/molecules23030636

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Patulin inhibited TNF-α-induced p65 nuclear translocation without acting on IκBα phosphorylation or degradation. (a) NF-κB p65 immunocytochemical translocation pattern in A549 cells following 30 min incubation with either DMSO, 20 ng/mL TNF-α or TNF-α + 1.5 μM patulin (Pat). DAPI counterstaining (0.1 μg/mL) was used to confirm nuclear localization. Quantification of relative p65 nuclear translocation was performed from the immunocytochemistry pictures (n = 3). * p < 0.05; (b) Western blot analysis showing the effect of patulin (1.5 μM) on TNF-α-induced IκBα phosphorylation after 5 min. The experiment was repeated twice and similar results were obtained in both cases; (c) Western blot analysis showing the effect of patulin (1.5 μM) on TNF-α-induced IκBα after 15 min. The experiment was repeated three times and similar results were obtained.