| FTIR | Fourier transform infrared |
| 1H-NMR | 1H nuclear magnetic resonance |
| TGA | Thermogravimetric analyses |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscopy |
| NMP | N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone |
| DMF | N,N-Dimethylformamide |
| DPPH | 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl |
| PMS | phenazine mothosulfate |
| NADH | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
| NBT | nitro blue tetrazolium |