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. 2018 Jan 4;23(1):109. doi: 10.3390/molecules23010109

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The effects of compounds 1–3 on pro-inflammatory and neuro-toxic mediators. (a) Inhibitory effects of compounds 1–3 on NO production in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia. The amount of NO in culture medium was measured using Griess reagents; (b) Peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) scavenging activity of compounds 1–3 in vitro cell free system. The level of ONOO⁻ was measured by detecting the oxidation of DHR123 as experimental section. Penicillamine was used as a positive control; (c) Inhibitory effects of compounds 1–3 on PGE₂ production in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia. The levels of PGE₂ were determined by the enzyme immunoassay. The values are expressed as the means ± S.D. of three experiments. * p < 0.05.