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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 25.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 Aug 3;167:29–35. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.07.011

Table 3.

Odds of Naloxone Administration Before Death, New Mexico—2012.

Variable cOR p-value aORa Confidence Limits
Age
 10–29 5.05 0.17
 30–39
 40–49
 > = 50
Sex
 Male 0.11 0.74
 Female
Race/Ethnicity
 White, non- Hispanic 2.21 0.33
 White, Hispanic
 Other
Location of Death
 Died outside of home 11.56 <0.01 1 (ref)
 Died at home 0.36 0.19–0.66
Witnessed death
 No 16.87 <0.01 1 (ref)
 Yes 2.24 1.16–4.32
Drug paraphernalia present
 No 1.26 0.26
 Yes
Signs of injection
 No 10.92 <0.01 1 (ref)
 Yes 2.29 1.07–4.92
Drug type
 OPR 8.11 0.02 1 (ref)
 Heroin 1.40 0.62–3.17
 Mixed/Other 0.92 0.44–1.93
Substance abuse history
 No 2.83 0.09 1 (ref)
 Yes 5.07 0.65–39.80
Overdose history
 No 1.00 0.99
 Yes
Chronic pain
 No 1.61 0.20
 Yes
Mental illness history
 No 0.27 0.61
 Yes
Abnormal behaviorb
 No 0.25 0.88
 Yes
Abnormal sleep signsc
 No 8.23 <0.01 1 (ref)
 Yes 1.94 0.84–4.48
a

Adjusted via backwards selection from a full model for variables with cOR p < 0.1.

b

Abnormal behavior: drowsiness, confusion, agitation, or vomiting.

c

Abnormal sleep signs: snoring, choking, gurgling, other respiratory abnormalities