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. 2018 Jun 25;8:9580. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-27959-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Texture analysis during the formation of deposits. (a) Sequential images of the expansion process of a BSA-LYZ droplet (protein concentration ϕ_r = 1:1, ϕ_p = 1.6 wt%, and NaCl concentration ϕ = 1 wt%) at different times and T = 37 °C. (b) The pattern growth at different stages. Labels I, II, and III indicate three stage of formation: coffee ring formation, crystals growth, and water drying, respectively. Label IV correspond to the final deposit after the complete evaporation process. The green arrows indicate the areas where the water drying is observed. (c) FOS (Mean, Standard Deviation, Integrated density, Skewness and Kurtosis) and (d) GLCM (Energy, Inertia, Correlation, IDM and Entropy) texture parameters extracted during the pattern formation. The black lines separate the different stages.