Table 1.
Most common types of genes whose expression levels were altered by feeding in poplar.
| Cluster # | Gene ID | Annotation | Expression Altered in Sugar Maple versus Diet Experiment? | Direction of Expression Change (SM v Diet) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | AGLA000186 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA000622 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA021994 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA013181 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA013187 | Carboxylesterase | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA000623 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA006755 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA013186 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA001398 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA000624 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA007086 | Cytochrome P450 | Y | Down |
| 1 | AGLA001981 | Cytochrome P450 | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA008876 | Cytochrome P450 | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA001983 | Cytochrome P450 | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA008875 | Cytochrome P450 | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA008874 | Cytochrome P450 | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA009630 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA016148 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA020447 | Insect Cuticle Protein | NE | NE |
| 1 | AGLA011978 | Lipase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA011979 | Lipase | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA010459 | Lipase | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA011980 | Lipase | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA011977 | Lipase | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA010457 | Lipase | Y | Down |
| 1 | AGLA005008 | Major Facilitator Superfamily | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA005007 | Major Facilitator Superfamily | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA005009 | Major Facilitator Superfamily | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA000050 | Major Facilitator Superfamily | Y | Down |
| 1 | AGLA005004 | Major Facilitator Superfamily | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA009811 | Pheromone Binding Protein/General Odorant Binding Protein (PBP/GOBP) | NE | NE |
| 1 | AGLA014591 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | Y | Down |
| 1 | AGLA003928 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA017528 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA008621 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | ND |
| 1 | AGLA008645 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA001399 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA014946 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA004632 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA005309 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA017002 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 1 | AGLA017633 | Trypsin | N | Up |
| 1 | AGLA002744 | Trypsin | N | Up |
| 2 | AGLA014208 | ABC Transporter | Y | Down |
| 2 | AGLA012319 | ABC Transporter | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA017554 | ABC Transporter | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA006710 | ABC Transporter | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA020767 | Cytochrome P450 | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA007077 | Cytochrome P450 | N | NE |
| 2 | AGLA009638 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | Y | Up |
| 2 | AGLA018084 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA013838 | Insect Cuticle Protein | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA005871 | Insect Cuticle Protein | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA017561 | Insect Cuticle Protein | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA020564 | Insect Cuticle Protein | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA006507 | PBP/GOBP | Y | Up |
| 2 | AGLA009822 | PBP/GOBP | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA003177 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA005865 | Trypsin | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA003185 | UDP-Glucuronsyltransferase | Y | Down |
| 2 | AGLA006593 | UDP-Glucuronsyltransferase | N | ND |
| 2 | AGLA003186 | UDP-Glucuronsyltransferase | Y | Down |
| 2 | AGLA010474 | UDP-Glucuronsyltransferase | N | NE |
| 2 | AGLA017105 | UDP-Glucuronsyltransferase | N | NE |
| 3 | AGLA010510 | ABC Transporter | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA015335 | ABC Transporter | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA010186 | ABC Transporter | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA000625 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA013190 | Carboxylesterase | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA010628 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA011859 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA016153 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA010626 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA016152 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA011858 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA010629 | Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 1 | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA002308 | Lipase | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA009821 | PBP/GOBP | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA009820 | PBP/GOBP | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA009817 | PBP/GOBP | N | NE |
| 3 | AGLA009823 | PBP/GOBP | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA003176 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA012578 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA000228 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA000052 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA006155 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA000992 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA010158 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA008741 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA017632 | Trypsin | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA014440 | Trypsin | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA006989 | Trypsin | N | ND |
| 3 | AGLA001394 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 3 | AGLA001741 | Trypsin | Y | Up |
| 4 | AGLA020448 | Insect Cuticle Protein | N | NE |
| 4 | AGLA020447 | Insect Cuticle Protein | N | NE |
| 4 | AGLA016071 | Insect Cuticle Protein | N | ND |
| 4 | AGLA009811 | PBP/GOBP | N | NE |
| 4 | AGLA019820 | Sugar (and other) Transporter | N | NE |
| 4 | AGLA004754 | UDP-Glucuronsyltransferase | N | NE |
| 4 | AGLA017105 | UDP-Glucuronsyltransferase | N | NE |
Previously, several categories of genes were hypothesized to aid in digestion, detoxification, nutrient acquisition, and host range determination in A. glabripennis and expression levels of these genes in the gut were altered as larvae fed in Acer saccharum21 compared to a nutrient rich artificial diet high in nutrients and free of plant defensive compounds. Expression levels of several of these genes were also altered as larvae fed on poplar. Shown are the cluster assignments and whether or not the expression of these genes was altered in the previous sugar maple versus diet feeding experiment for gene families that appeared ≥6 times in the list of 371 differentially expressed genes. PBP/GOBP = Pheromone binding protein/general odorant binding protein; Up = upregulated in insects reared in A. saccharum; Down = down-regulated in insects reared in A. saccharum. ND = no difference; NE = not expressed in sugar maple or artificial diet reared insects. Cluster 1 = downregulated in both poplar treatments; 2 = upregulated in both poplar treatments; 3 = downregulated in the P. tomentosa treatment; 4 = upregulated in the P. tomentosa treatment.