Table 3.

Resilience factors tested in the analyzed studies, split into individual, family, and community level.

Individual		Family		Community
Supported	Not supported	Supported	Not supported	Supported	Not supported
High distress tolerance [MO (38)]	–	High positive parenting [ME (40)]+[MO (42)]	Positive parenting [MO (40)]	High social support [MO (49)]*a	-
High cognitive reappraisal (MO + ME (39)]	-	High family cohesion [ME (43)]	Family cohesion [ME (43)]	-	Friend support [MO (53)]+[ME (24)]
Low expressive suppression [ME (39)]	Expressive suppression [MO (39)]	–	Adolescent-father communication [ME (43)]	–	School support [MO (53)]
Low rumination [ME (39)]	Rumination [MO (39)]+[ME (44)]	–	Adolescent-mother communication [ME (43)]	–	Prosocial peers [ME (57)]*c
–	Behavioral reward reactivity [MO (41)]	High extended family support [MO (46)]	Extended family support [MO (46)]	–	Antisocial peers [ME (57)]*c
–	Emotional reward reactivity [MO (41)]	High parental involvement [MO (46)]	Parental involvement [MO (46)]
–	Academic grades [MO (42)]	-	Maternal support [MO (47)]
High self-esteem [MO (42)]	-	Positive family climate [MO (49)]	-
Low insecure attachment [ME (45)]	Insecure attachment [ME (45)]	-	Proactive parenting [MO (50)]
-	Negative cognitive style [ME (45)]	High immediate family support [MO (53)]+[ME (24)]	Immediate family support [MO (24, 53)]
Low coping expectancydef1 [ME (48)]	-	-	Parenting quality [MO (55)]*b
-	Enhancement expectancydef2 [ME (48)]	-	Parent-child relationship [ME (57)]*c
-	Self-efficacy [MO (49)]
Low ego over-control [ME (51)]	Ego over-control [ME (51)]
Low ego under-control [ME (51)]	Ego under-control [ME (51)]
-	Ego under- vs. over-control [ME (51)]
High mental flexibility [MO (52)]	Mental flexibility [MO (52)]
-	Protective self-cognitions [ME (54)]
Low disconnection/rejection [ME (56)]*c	Disconnection/rejection [ME (56)]*c
Low other-directedness [ME (56)]*c	Other-directedness [ME (56)]*c
-	Impaired autonomy [ME (56)]*c
-	Socialization [ME (57)]*c
-	Boldness [ME (57)]*c
-	Academic engagement [ME (57)]*c
Low aggression [ME (58)]*c	Aggression [ME (58)]*c

MO, moderation analysis; ME, mediation analysis.

^*aThe social support measure could potentially also include family support and should therefore also belong to the family domain.

^*bThe CA timeline requirements might not be fully met.

^*cThe analysis did not include the direct path between CA and psychopathology when calculating the indirect mediation effect of the RF.

^def1Definition, Consuming alcohol to handle stress;

^def2Definition, Consuming alcohol to improve mood.