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. 2018 Jun 26;8:9689. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28004-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Opsin transcripts are expressed in the anterior portion of the central nervous system of Neogonodactylus oerstedii. In situ hybridization labeling patterns of 60 μm sagittal optic lobe sections (left column) and transverse cerebral ganglion (CG) sections (right column) show that of the four opsin transcripts expressed in the CG, only two are expressed within the retina and/or neural tissue within the eyestalk carapace. NoMWS1 is expressed in cell bodies surrounding several neuropils—the lamina (La), medulla (M), lobula (Lo), and hemiellipsoid body (HB)—within the eyestalk, and may be expressed in the most dorsal photoreceptors in the retina. NoLWS1 riboprobe labels the dorsal hemisphere (DH) and ventral hemisphere (VH) of the retina, but not the equatorial midband (MB) rows. Within the CG, NoMWS1 and NoLWS3 are expressed in the ventral eye (VE, arrows), which lies anterior to the central complex (CX). NoLWS1 and NoLWS2 are expressed in several regions with densely-packed, large cell bodies (arrowheads) that surround the antennal neuropil (AnN), olfactory lobe (OL), lateral antennular neuropil (LAN), and olfactory-glomeruli tract (OGT). An anatomical diagram summarizes NoMWS1 (teal), NoLWS1 (dark blue), NoLWS2 (green), and NoLWS3 (purple) transcript expression in the optic lobes and CG.