Table 1.

Parameters of the respiration diffusion model

Physical parameters	O2	CO2
Diffusivity of cortex tissue (m2 s−1)	(1.32 ± 0.39)×10–8a	(2.12 ± 0.34)×10–8a
Skin permeability (m s−1)	6.74 × 10–7b	10.2 × 10–7b
Respiration parameters
$K_{m,O_2}$ (kPa)	0.17c
$K_{m,f,C{O}_2}$ (kPa)		2.4 × 10–2c
$K_{mn,C{O}_2}$ (kPa)		66.4d
rq,ox		0.77 ± 0.03e
Maximal O2 consumption rate $V_{m,O_2}$ (µmol m−3 s−1)	See Table 2
Maximal CO2 fermentative production rate $V_{m,f,C{O}_2}$ (µmol m−3 s−1)		See Table 2
Parameters of dynamic adaption of $V_{m,O_2}$to O2 level at 0 °C
VR,1 (µmol m−3 s−1)	0.34×VR,2f
VR,2 (µmol m−3 s−1)	14.9f
ΔVR=VR,2–VR,1 (µmol m−3 s−1)	0.66×VR,2f
Kd (d−1)	1.3f
m	2f
KH (kPa−2)	23.3f
$V_{m,f,O_2}$ (µmol m−3 s−1) at 0 °C		1.7.8 ± 1.7g

^a Ho et al. (2015).

^b Value computed from simulated 3-D microscale of epidermis tissue.

^c Ho et al. (2013).

^d Ho et al. (2008).

^e Value was calculated from the ratio of measured $R_{C{O}_2}$ to $R_{O_2}$ in ambient air at 20 °C (experiment A).

^fValue was estimated from the experimental data (experiment B and C) at 0 °C (see more details in Table 3).

^g Value was calculated from the measurement (experiment A, see Table 2).