Table 2.
Circulating biomarkers by quartiles of eGFR
| Characteristic | Low | Medium low | Medium high | High | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Limits (mL/min/1.73 m2) | <69.89 | 69.89–79.73 | 79.73–90.77 | ≥90.77 | |
| Participants in category, n | 335 | 334 | 335 | 334 | |
| Adhesion molecules | |||||
| VCAM-1 (ng/mL) | 592 (469–731) | 524 (433–666)‡ | 496 (417–626) | 507 (410–642) | 0.15 |
| ICAM-1 (ng/mL) | 251 (209–310) | 244 (201–295) | 235 (196–285) | 239 (198–297) | 0.16 |
| E-selectin (ng/mL) | 15 (11–21) | 15 (11–20) | 15 (12–21) | 16 (12–20) | 0.23 |
| P-selectin (ng/mL) | 145 (113–180) | 141 (106–169) | 132 (103–164) | 131 (103–164) | 0.039 |
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 187 (127–239) | 161 (110–231)* | 212 (148–212) | 136 (97–192) | 0.60 |
| Inflammation markers | |||||
| CRP (ng/mL) | 1.52 (1.03–2.77) | 1.32 (0.89–2.48) | 1.22 (0.85–2.23) | 1.24 (0.85–2.59) | 0.11 |
| NGAL (ng/mL) | 387 (278–573) | 359 (241–522) | 342 (232–518) | 308 (217–491) | 0.007 |
| TNF-R1 (ng/mL) | 0.82 (0.69–1.01) | 0.70 (0.60–0.84)† | 0.67 (0.55–0.78) | 0.64 (0.53–0.75) | 0.067 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 8.2 (6.9–9.7) | 7.4 (6.1–8.7)§ | 6.8 (5.8–8.4) | 6.7 (5.6–8.03) | 0.046 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 2.00 (1.28–3.31) | 1.61 (1.06–2.50)† | 1.48 (0.99–2.46) | 1.43 (0.93–2.44) | 0.080 |
| IL-8 (pg/mL) | 9.1 (6.2–12.9) | 8.4 (6.1–11.4) | 8.2 (5.8–12.2) | 7.6 (5.4–11.0) | 0.019 |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 64 (37–112) | 53 (31–98)† | 54 (36–101) | 51 (31–91) | 0.15 |
Values are geometric means (interquartile range). P-values are for the linear trend across eGFR categories. Significance of the difference with the adjacent lower fourth: *P ≤ 0.05, †P ≤ 0.01, ‡P ≤ 0.001, §P ≤ 0.0001.