Table 3.
Comparison of Clinical Correlates and Clinical Outcome Variables by high-dose aspirin (HDA) group in patients with Kawasaki Disease (KD) and with coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs) at diagnosis
| HDA Duration Group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Statistics/ Category | 0 day (N = 7) | 1–7 day (N =18) | >7 day (N =10) | P-value |
| Age at diagnosis, years | Mean (SD) | 3.06 (2.73) | 5.31 (4.73) | 6.02 (5.32) | 0.42 |
| Age range at diagnosis | <1 year (%) | 2 (29) | 4 (22) | 2 (20) | 0.99 |
| 1–5 years(%) | 3 (43) | 7 (39) | 4 (40) | ||
| > 5 years (%) | 2 (29) | 7 (39) | 4 (40) | ||
| Sex | Male (%) | 2 (29)d | 11 (61)d | 9 (90)d | 0.04 |
| Female (%) | 5 (71) | 7 (39) | 1 (10) | ||
| Race | White (%) | 5 (71) | 13 (72) | 8 (80) | 0.90 |
| Black (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (11) | 0 (0) | ||
| Asian (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| Hispanic (%) | 2 (29) | 3 (17) | 1 (10) | ||
| Other (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | ||
| Classic KD | Yes (%) | 4 (57) | 7 (47) | 6 (60) | 0.90 |
| No (%) | 3 (43) | 8 (53) | 4 (40) | ||
| Unknown | 0 | 3 | 0 | ||
| Illness duration before diagnosis, days | Mean (SD) | 29.14 (19.79)a,b | 9.35 (5.54)a | 11.70 (5.27)b | <0.001 |
| Defervescence duration before diagnosis, days | Mean (SD) | 12.86 (14.68)a | 0.06 (0.24)a | 0.50 (0.97) | 0.002 |
| Coronary artery Z-score at diagnosis | Mean (SD) | 12.18 (5.58) | 7.07 (8.22) | 6.80 (4.45) | 0.21 |
| CRP at diagnosis, g/dL | Mean (SD) | 6.42 (5.97) | 16.54 (11.26) | 12.93 (8.10) | 0.20 |
| Platelet count at diagnosis, x 109/L | Mean (SD) | 765.2 (475.9) | 488.4 (245.9) | 452.7 (245.1) | 0.12 |
| IVIg #1 given | Yes (%) | 5 (71)d | 18 (100)d | 10 (100)d | 0.04 |
| No (%) | 2 (29) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| IVIg Resistance | Yes (%) | 3 (60) | 8 (44) | 6 (60) | 0.71 |
| No (%) | 2 (40) | 10 (56) | 4 (40) | ||
| Unknown | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Fever duration after diagnosis, days | Mean (SD) | 0.29 (0.76) | 3.67 (5.46) | 4.80 (6.92) | 0.24 |
| Persistent CAAs at 4–8 weeks | Yes (%) | 5 (100) | 6 (75) | 8 (89) | 0.58 |
| No (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (25) | 1 (11) | ||
| Unknown | 2 | 10 | 1 | ||
| Persistent CAAs at 9–15 months | Yes (%) | 3 (100) | 4 (33)c | 8 (89)c | 0.01 |
| No (%) | 0 (0) | 8 (67) | 1 (11) | ||
| Unknown | 4 | 6 | 1 | ||
| Coronary artery Z-score at 4–8 weeks | Mean (SD) | 14.48 (7.51) | 14.40 (13.87) | 10.20 (6.95) | 0.64 |
| Coronary artery Z-score at 9–15 months | Mean (SD) | 11.14 (12.77) | 6.25 (9.47) | 8.33 (7.50) | 0.69 |
| CRP at 4–8 weeks, g/dL | Mean (SD) | 0.42 (0.57) | 0.33 (0.27) | 0.84 (0.86) | 0.37 |
| CRP at 9–15 months, g/dL | Mean (SD) | 1.44 (1.63) | 0.50 (0.00) | 0.34 (0.11) | 0.30 |
| Platelet count at 4–8 weeks, x 109/l | Mean (SD) | 466.5 (130.8) | 389.1 (134.0) | 365.6 (110.4) | 0.60 |
| Platelet count at 9–15 months, x 109/L | Mean (SD) | 454.3 (123.4)a | 250.0 (118.3)a | 279.5 (60.47) | 0.02 |
Superscripts denote pairwise comparisons of statistical significance for variables with P-values < 0.05, a for a significant difference between the 0 day HDA group and the 1–7 day HDA group, b for a significant difference between the 0 day HDA group and the > 7 day HDA group, c for a significant difference between the 1–7 day HDA group and the > 7 day HDA group, and d for no significant differences in pairwise comparison. Bonferroni’s adjustment for multiple comparisons is used, whereby a P-value threshold for statistical significance between pairs is 0.05/(number of pairwise comparisons) = 0.05/3 = 0.0167. CAA = Coronary Artery Abnormality, CRP = C-Reactive Protein, HDA = High-Dose Aspirin, IVIg = Intravenous Immunoglobulin, KD = Kawasaki Disease, SD = Standard Deviation.