Table 2.
Coronary Plaque Burden and Characteristics Among ART-Treated HIV-Infected Women and Men
| A) Overall Sample | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-Infected Women (n = 48) |
HIV-Infected Men (n = 97) |
P-value | |
| Prevalence of coronary plaque, % | 35 | 62 | 0.003 |
| Prevalence of non-calcified plaque, % | 33 | 47 | 0.12 |
| Prevalence of calcified plaque, % | 4 | 14 | 0.07 |
| Prevalence of positively remodeled plaque, % | 25 | 51 | 0.003 |
| Prevalence of low attenuation plaque, % | 15 | 23 | 0.24 |
| Prevalence of high plaque burden (≥ 4 segments), % | 15 | 24 | 0.18 |
| Prevalence of obstructive plaque (≥ 70% stenosis), % | 0 | 5 | 0.05 |
| No. segments with plaque | 1.3 ± 2.3 (0 [0, 2]) | 2.1 ± 2.5 (1 [0, 3]) | 0.01 |
| No. segments with non-calcified plaque | 0.9 ± 1.5 (0 [0, 2]) | 1.0 ± 1.6 (0 [0, 1]) | 0.30 |
| No. segments with calcified plaque | 0.04 ± 0.2 (0 [0, 0]) | 0.2 ± 0.7 (0 [0, 0]) | 0.08 |
| No. segments with positively remodeled plaque | 0.5 ± 1.1 (0 [0, 1]) | 1.2 ± 1.5 (1 [0, 2]) | 0.002 |
| No. segments with low attenuation plaque | 0.2 ± 0.5 (0 [0, 0]) | 0.4 ± 0.8 (0 [0, 0]) | 0.21 |
| B) Individuals with Plaque | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
HIV-Infected Women (n = 17) |
HIV-Infected Men (n = 60) |
P-value | |
| Prevalence of non-calcified plaque, % | 94 | 76 | 0.07 |
| Prevalence of calcified plaque, % | 12 | 22 | 0.33 |
| Prevalence of positively remodeled plaque, % | 71 | 82 | 0.33 |
| Prevalence of low attenuation plaque, % | 41 | 37 | 0.74 |
| Prevalence of high plaque burden (≥ 4 segments), % | 41 | 39 | 0.87 |
| Prevalence of obstructive plaque (≥ 70% stenosis), % | 0 | 8 | 0.10 |
| No. segments with plaque | 3.7 ± 2.6 (3 [2, 6]) | 3.4 ± 2.4 (2 [1, 5]) | 0.57 |
| No. segments with non-calcified plaque | 2.5 ± 1.5 (2 [2, 4]) | 1.7 ± 1.7 (1 [1, 2]) | 0.02 |
| % Plaque non-calcified | 75 ± 28 (75 [67, 100]) | 53 ± 38 (50 [11, 100]) | 0.03 |
| No. segments with calcified plaque | 0.1 ± 0.3 (0 [0, 0]) | 0.4 ± 0.8 (0 [0, 0]) | 0.31 |
| % Plaque calcified | 3 ± 8 (0 [0, 0]) | 8 ± 18 (0 [0, 0]) | 0.34 |
| No. segments with positively remodeled plaque | 1.3 ± 1.4 (1 [0, 2]) | 1.9 ± 1.6 (2 [1, 3]) | 0.09 |
| % Plaque positively remodeled | 33 ± 33 (33 [0, 50]) | 62 ± 37 (67 [43, 100]) | 0.004 |
| No. segments with low attenuation plaque | 0.5 ± 0.7 (0 [0, 1]) | 0.6 ± 1.0 (0 [0, 1]) | 0.97 |
| % Plaque low attenuation | 17 ± 28 (0 [0, 33]) | 17 ± 27 (0 [0, 33]) | 0.88 |
Continuous data are expressed as both mean ± standard deviation (SD) and median [interquartile range (IQR)] for descriptive purposes. P-values were determined using Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables.