Table 1.
Baseline demographic, laboratory, and clinical characteristics among children with NAFLD
| Variables N (%) or median (range) |
Target LDL-C only N=24 |
Target TG only N= 239 |
Target both N= 60 |
Not targeted N= 262 |
Overall N= 585 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 16 (67%) | 164 (69%) | 39 (65%) | 200 (76%) | 419 (72%) |
| Female | 8 (33%) | 75 (31%) | 21 (35%) | 62 (24%) | 166 (28%) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34 (22, 48) | 33 (20, 59) | 31 (23, 54) | 31 (21, 68) | 32 (20, 68) |
| BMI Z-score | 2.4 (1.4, 2.8) | 2.4 (1.1, 3.2) | 2.4 (1.2, 2.8) | 2.3 (0.9, 3.4) | 2.3 (0.9, 3.4) |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 128 (105, 158) | 121 (85, 167) | 121 (98, 152) | 121 (74, 168) | 121 (74, 168) |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 68 (55, 91) | 68 (40, 114) | 70 (51, 95) | 67 (46, 105) | 68 (40, 114) |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 150 (131, 205) | 97 (19,128) | 143 (131, 213) | 89 (19, 128) | 97 (19, 213) |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 43 (31, 58) | 35 (15, 62) | 39 (27, 58) | 39 (23, 89) | 39 (15, 89) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 209 (178, 275) | 170 (62, 298) | 228 (186, 309) | 147 (70, 360) | 166 (62, 360) |
| TG (mg/dL) | 97 (53, 133) | 169 (115, 434) | 221 (133, 443) | 86 (18, 726)* | 133 (18, 726)* |
| AST (U/L) | 76 (SD 54) | 66 (SD 50) | 81 (SD 57) | 57 (SD 44) | 64 (SD 49) |
| ALT (U/L) | 128 (SD 92) | 110 (SD 90) | 138 (SD 84) | 96 (SD 88) | 107 (SD 89) |
| GGT (U/L) | 58 (SD 39) | 45 (SD 34) | 69 (SD 53) | 38 (SD 28) | 45 (SD 35) |
| Fibrosis stage | |||||
| None | 10 (41%) | 77 (32%) | 12 (21%) | 94 (36%) | 193 (33%) |
| Zone 3, periportal | 3 (13%) | 45 (19%) | 10 (17%) | 28 (11%) | 86 (15%) |
| Zone 3, perisinusoidal | 9 (38%) | 9 (38%) | 24 (41%) | 95 (36%) | 217 (37%) |
| Bridging | 2 (8%) | 26 (11%) | 11 (19%) | 38 (14%) | 77 (13%) |
| Cirrhosis | 0 (0%) | 1 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 7 (3%) | 9 (2%) |
| Diagnosis | |||||
| NAFLD, not NASH | 9 (38%) | 64 (27%) | 13 (22%) | 80 (30%) | 166 (28%) |
| Borderline NASH | 8 (33%) | 105 (44%) | 29 (48%) | 125 (48%) | 267 (46%) |
| Definite NASH | 7 (29%) | 70 (29%) | 18 (30%) | 57 (22%) | 152 (26%) |
*
per the NHLBI algorithm, participants with TG > 500 mg/dL were automatically referred to a lipid specialist for pharmacologic intervention and were therefore not included in the analysis of participants receiving dietary intervention and repeat fasting lipid panels