(A) Cell viability was detected via CCK-8. The viability of cells was significantly decreased, which were treated with mr-ber-PC, ber-PC, and mr-PC for 24 or 48 h, compared with PC group. (B) A flow cytometry assay was performed to detect apoptosis in cells including four groups, which with different treatments of ber-PC, mr-PC, and mr-ber-PC. Q1, necrotic cells; Q2, late apoptotic cells; Q3, living cells; Q4, early apoptotic cells. The numbers in each panel indicate the percentage of cells present in the quadrant. Compared with NC group, apoptosis was more serious in other groups. (C) The migration ability of CAL-27 cells was tested by the Scratch test. The results showed that the migration ability was significant decreased in cells treated with mr-ber-PC compared with PC. Meanwhile, ber-PC group and mr-PC group also showed decreased migration ability compared with PC group. (D) Transwell assay was used to detect the migration capacity. The results showed decreased migration ability in cells treated with ber-PC, mr-PC, and mr-ber-PC compared with PC group. And the migration of the PC group was obvious. The results are expressed as mean ± S.D. of triplicate samples. ‘*’ indicates means that are significantly different when compared with the PC group (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001; n=3.)