Fig. 1.

The figure illustrates the average aggregate annoyance and corresponding 95% confidence intervals based on self-reported annoyance while at home over the last year toward multiple wind turbine features. At home refers to either inside or outside the dwelling. The upper and lower panels illustrate results for PEI and ON, respectively. The full PCA is shown by the left-most bar at each exposure category (shown in blue online). The effect that removing other annoyance variables one by one had on aggregate annoyance is shown at each exposure category. The effect of removing vibration annoyance is shown in the second left-most bar (red online); the third bar from the left (green online) depicts the effect of removing noise annoyance; fourth from the left (purple online) depicts the effect of removing visual annoyance; fifth from the left (blue online) represents the effect of removing shadow flicker annoyance, and the right-most bar (orange online) shows the effect of removing annoyance toward blinking lights. The relative contribution of any given annoyance variable is reflected by the degree to which the 5-factor aggregate annoyance level drops with the removal of each annoyance variable. The larger the drop, the greater the impact the removed annoyance variable had on aggregate annoyance at that particular exposure category. Data presented also include participants reporting to receive personal benefits from having wind turbines in the area (n = 110) since removing these participants from the analysis did not impact the results