Table 6.
Anticancer activity of the major bioactive isolates of A. muricata leaves.
| Bioactive isolates | Subject | Dose | Key findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annonacin | T24 cells | Induced the cell cycle arrest in T24 bladder cancer cells and caused cytotoxicity in a Bax and caspase-3-related pathway | Yuan et al., 2003 | |
| DMBA/TPA induced skin tumorigenesis mice MCF-7 cells |
0.1 μM | Exhibited strong antitumor activity Annonacin induced growth arrest and apoptosis in ER-related pathways in MCF-7 cells |
Ko et al., 2011; Roduan et al., 2017 | |
| Annomuricin E | HT-29 cells | 4 to 16 μg/mL | Showed IC50 values of 5.72 ± 0.41, 3.49 ± 0.22 and 1.62 ± 0.24 μg/mL after 12, 24 and 48 h of treatments. Induced LDH leakage in cells at 1 and 2 μg/mL and exhibited significant LDH release at the concentration from 4 to 16 μg/mL. Induced the cell cycle arrest at G1, the phosphatidylserine externalization, the caspase activation, the mitochondria-initiated events, as well as Bax up-regulation and Bcl-2 down-regulation. |
Moghadamtousi et al., 2015c |
| Muricoreacin | PC-3 cells | Selectively cytotoxic against the PC-3 cell line with five times higher activity compared to the positive antitumor control adriamycin. | Kim et al., 1998b | |
| Murihexocin C | PACA-2 cells PC-3 cells |
Showed selective cytotoxicity against the PACA-2 as well as the PC-3 cell lines. | Kim et al., 1998b |