Table 1.

Target neonicotinoids and their metabolites.

Neonicotinoids		Recovery rate (%)	LOQ (ng/ml-bottled tea beverage)	LOQ (ng/g-tea leaves)
Acetamiprid		80.2 ± 2.9	0.05	1.33
	N-desmethyl-Acetamiprid	87.6 ± 5.4	0.05	1.33
	N-acetyl-Acetamiprid	33.2 ± 23.4	0.125	3.33
	N-acetyl-desmethyl-Acetamiprid	78.2 ± 16.8	1.25	33.33
	N-descyano-Acetamiprid	81.0 ± 3.7	0.05	1.33
Clothianidin		91.8 ± 3.7	0.125	3.33
	N-desmethyl-Clothianidin	79.7 ± 5.2	0.5	13.33
	N-desmethyl-Clothianidin urea	73.6 ± 3.2	0.05	1.33
	N-desnitro-Clothianidin	54.1 ± 2.7	0.05	1.33
	Clothianidin urea	84.0 ± 3.1	0.125	3.33
	N-desmethyl-desnitro-Clothianidin	41.7 ± 2.5	0.05	1.33
Dinotefuran		92.6 ± 2.8	0.125	3.33
	N-desmethyl-Dinotefuran	87.1 ± 6.1	0.125	3.33
	Dinotefuran-urea	75.2 ± 9.3	0.05	1.33
Imidacloprid		87.0 ± 2.7	0.5	13.33
	Hydroxy-Imidacloprid	78.2 ± 9.7	1.25	33.33
	N-desnitro-Imidacloprid	85.7 ± 5.5	1.25	33.33
Nitenpyram		88.6 ± 4.6	0.5	13.33
	N-desmethyl-Nitenpyram	100.6 ± 31.3	0.5	13.33
	CPMA	47.9 ± 10.2	0.5	13.33
	CPMF	84.8 ± 10.3	0.05	1.33
	CPF	32.9 ± 20.3	0.05	1.33
Thiacloprid		92.9 ± 1.8	0.05	1.33
	Thiacloprid-amide	94.0 ± 5.6	0.05	1.33
	N-descyano-dehydro-Thiacloprid	66.7 ± 11.7	0.05	1.33
Thiamethoxam		116.7 ± 7.9	0.125	3.33
	N-desmethyl-Thiamethoxam	70.2 ± 10.3	0.5	13.33