Table 3.
Bivariate analysis for socio-demographic, behavioral and clinical factors associated with a poor quality of life (QoL) among patients attending ENT outpatients, Mbarara, Uganda
| VARIABLE | Good QoL (%) | Poor QoL (%) | COR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age category in years | ||||
| 18–35 | 28 (41.2) | 19 (32.8) | 1.0 | |
| 36–59 | 30 (44.1) | 28 (48.3) | 1.38 (0.6–4.6) | 0.42 |
| 60–80 | 10 (14.7) | 11 (19.0) | 1.62 (0.6–4.6) | 0.36 |
| Gender | ||||
| female | 40 (58.8) | 33 (56.9) | 1.0 | |
| male | 28 (41.2) | 25 (43.1) | 1.08 (0.5–2.2) | 0.83 |
| Monthly income | ||||
| < USD 15 | 20 (29.4) | 31 (53.5) | 1.0 | |
| >/=USD 15 | 48 (70.6) | 27 (46.6) | 0.36 (0.2–0.8) | 0.01* |
| Formal Education | ||||
| None | 9 (13. 2) | 18 (31.0) | 1.0 | |
| Primary | 23 (33.8) | 16 (27.6) | 0.35 (0.1–1.0) | 0.04* |
| Secondary | 17 (25.0) | 10 (17.2) | 0.29 (0.1–1.0) | 0.03* |
| Tertiary | 19 (27.9) | 14 (24.1) | 0.37 (0.2–0.8) | 0.06 |
| History of ever smoking: | ||||
| No | 59 (86.8) | 42 (72.4) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 9 (13.2) | 16 (27.6) | 2.50 (1.0–6.2) | 0.05 |
| CRS | ||||
| No | 62 (91.2) | 15 (25.9) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 6 (8.8) | 43 (74.1) | 29.62(10.6–82.4) | 0.01* |
| Allergy symptoms | ||||
| No | 57 (83.3) | 37 (63.8) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 11 (16.2) | 21 (36.2) | 2.94 (1.3–6.8) | 0.01* |
| GERD | ||||
| No | 64 (94.1) | 54 (93.1) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 4 (5.9) | 4 (6.9) | 1.1 (0.3–5.0) | 0.82 |
| Nasal polyps: | ||||
| No | 67 (98.5) | 46 (79.3) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 1 9 1.5) | 12 (20.7) | 17.5(2.2–139.0) | 0.01* |
| Nasal discharge: | ||||
| No | 64 (94.1) | 23 (37. 9) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 4 (5.9) | 35 (60.3) | 24.40 (7.8–76.1) | 0.01* |
| Nasal mucosal edema | ||||
| No | 63 (92.7) | 26 (44.8) | 1.0 | |
| Yes | 5 (7.4) | 32 (55.2) | 15.51 (5.5–44.2) | 0.01* |
| Number of CRS symptoms: | ||||
| 0 | 46 (67.7) | 6 (10.3) | 1.0 | |
| 1 | 12 (17.7) | 7 (12.1) | 4.47 (1.3–15.8) | 0.02* |
| > 1 | 10 (14.7) | 45 (77.6) | 34.5(11.6–102.9) | 0.01* |
QoL Quality of life, COR Crude odds ratio
*p value =/< 0.05