Table 4.
Estimates of the Prevalence of Severe Maternal Morbidity in Asia
| Article | Country | Setting | Definition of SMM | Estimated Prevalencea | Leading Causes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bolnga 2017 [96] | Papua New Guinea | Provincial hospital, Madang Province | Modified WHO | 25.4 | Hemorrhage |
| Goldenberg 2017 [51] | India | 18 primary health centers, 3 tertiary hospitals and 8 secondary hospitals Belagavi | Modified WHO | 28.1b | Not reported by country |
| Goldenberg 2017 | India | 20 primary health centers, 10 tertiary hospitals and 129 secondary hospitals, Nagpur | Modified WHO | 4.4b | Not reported by country |
| Goldenberg 2017 | Pakistan | 47 primary health clinics, 25 secondary care facilities and 3 referral hospitals, Thatta district | Modified WHO | 81.9b | Not reported by country |
| Kalra 2014 [97] | India | Tertiary hospital, Rajasthan | Geller et al. 2004 | 4.8 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders |
| Khan 2017 [98] | India | Tertiary referral hospital, New Delhi | Geller et al. 2004, Pattinson et al. 2003, ICD-10 | 14 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, anemia |
| Luexay 2014 [99] | Laos | Community survey, Sayaboury province | WHO | 9.8 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders |
| Mazhar 2015 [100] | Pakistan | 16 government hospitals | WHO | 7.0 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, uterine rupture |
| Norhayati 2016 [101] | Malaysia | 2 tertiary hospitals, Kelantan | WHO | 2.2 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders |
| Roopa 2013 [102] | India | Tertiary referral hospital, Manipal | WHO | 17.8 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, sepsis |
| Pandey 2014 [55] | India | Medical college hospital, Uttar Predesh | WHO | 120 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, anemia |
| Purandare 2014 [60] | India | 6 medical college hospitals | Pregnancy-specific disorders. Pre-existing disorders aggravated during pregnancy, Pregnancy-specific medical disorders, Incidental and accidental causes that occurred in pregnancy |
9.6 | Hemorrhage |
| Rana 2013 [103] | Nepal | 9 tertiary hospitals, Kathmandu | WHO | 3.8 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders |
| Shen 2013 [104] | China | Private tertiary hospital, Suzhou | WHO | 4 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders |
| Shrestha 2010 [105] | Nepal | Tertiary hospital, Kathmandu | Geller et al. 2004 | 23.1b | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders |
| Siddiqui 2012 [106] | Pakistan | Public tertiary hospital, Karachi | Modified Waterstone et al. 2001 | 77 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, uterine rupture |
| Tan 2015 [107] | China | 8 hospital, Sichuan province | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, uterine rupture, interventional radiology, blood transfusions, laparotomy, ICU admission, multiple organ dysfunction syndromes | 43.4 | Did not report |
| Tanimia 2016 [108] | Papua New Guinea | National referral hospital, Port Moresby | Modified WHO | 9.1 | Hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, infection |
aper 1000 live births
bper 1000 deliveries