Table 4.
Metabolites significantly up (↑) or down (↓) regulated by a mixed pesticide treatment relative to the control group (t-test p < 0.05) following exposure in amphibians.
| Mixed pesticide treatment | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolite | ATZ | MA | PZ | ATZMA | ATZPZ | MAPZ | ATZMAPZ |
| Adenine | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ||||
| Alanine | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |||
| Altronic acid | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |||
| Arabitol | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Asparagine | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Creatinine | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ||||
| Cytosine | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ | ||||
| Fructose phosphate | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |||
| Galactose/glucose | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ||
| Glucose phosphate | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Glucuronic acid | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |||
| Glycine | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |||
| Hypoxanthine | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Lactic acid | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |||
| Malic acid | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Malonic acid | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ||||
| Maltose/turanose | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
| Melibiose | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Methionine | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Myo-inositol | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Ornithine | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Phenylethanolamine | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |||
| Phosphate | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ||||
| Putrescine | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ||
| Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid | ↓ | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ | ||
| Ribitol | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Serine | ↓ | ↓ | |||||
| Spermine | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | |
| Sugar alcohol | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Sugar phosphate | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
| Threitol | ↑ | ↑ | |||||
| Urea | ↓ | ↓ | |||||
| Valine | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | |||
| Xanthine | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ||||
| Sum up regulated | 8 | 17 | 15 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 9 |
| Sum down regulated | 3 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 |
| Total up or down regulated | 11 | 25 | 23 | 6 | 15 | 20 | 11 |
CON = control, ATZ = atrazine, MA = malathion, PZ = propiconazole.