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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Exp Bot. 2018 Jan;145:21–38. doi: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2017.10.012

Table 1.

Average (±SE) emission rates (nmol m-2 s-1) of stress volatiles released from the leaves of E. globulus in control, wounding, 5 ppm ozone, and 5 ppm ozone and wounding treatments at 0.5 h of recovery since stress applications. Compounds were grouped according to compound biosynthesis pathways.

Emission rate (nmol m-2 s-1) of volatiles at 0.5 h since stress applications
No Compound Control Ozone 5 ppm Wounding Ozone 5 ppm and wounding
1 Isoprene 1.4 ± 0.8 1.2 ± 0.4 0.2 ± 0.1 14 ± 6
LOX volatiles
2 Hexanal 0.004 ± 0.001 0.06 ± 0.04 0.010 ± 0.001 0.200 ± 0.014
3 Pentanal 0.005 ± 0.004 0.02 ± 0.01 0.010 ± 0.002 0.030 ± 0.001
4 (E)-2-Hexenal nd 0.010 ± 0.004 0.010 ± 0.005 0.400 ± 0.030
5 (Z)-3-Hexenol nd 0.010 ± 0.004 0.020 ± 0.003 0.45 ± 0.03
Monoterpenes
6 Camphene 0.003 ± 0.002 0.13 ± 0.10 0.10 ± 0.02 1.6 ± 0.7
7 Δ3-Carene 0.004 ± 0.001 0.03 ± 0.02 0.06 ± 0.03 0.20 ± 0.05
8 1,8-Cineole 0.130 ± 0.001 15 ± 12 3.0 ± 0.4 65 ± 30
9 p-Cymene 0.003 ± 0.001 0.4 ± 0.2 0.02 ± 0.01 4.0 ± 2.4
10 α-Fenchene 0.010 ± 0.001 0.03 ± 0.02 0.010 ± 0.004 0.4 ± 0.2
11 Limonene 0.02 ± 0.01 3 ± 2 0.80 ± 0.04 25 ± 11
12 β-Myrcene 0.005 ± 0.001 0.5 ± 0.4 0.2 ± 0.1 4.4 ± 3.5
13 (Z)-β-Ocimene nd 0.2 ± 0.2 0.006 ± 0.004 1 ± 1
14 α-Phellandrene 0.001 ± 0.001 0.2 ± 0.2 0.003 ± 0.002 3 ± 2
15 α-Pinene 0.03 ± 0.02 6 ± 4 1.0 ± 0.2 37 ± 15
16 β-Pinene 0.006 ± 0.002 0.2 ± 0.2 0.02 ± 0.01 4 ± 2
17 α-Terpinene 0.005 ± 0.003 0.01 ± 0.01 0.10 ± 0.02 0.5 ± 0.2
18 γ-Terpinene 0.004 ± 0.002 0.3 ± 0.2 0.10 ± 0.01 1.3 ± 0.7
19 α-Terpinolene 0.004 ± 0.004 0.010 ± 0.006 0.10 ± 0.02 2.0 ± 0.1
20 α-Thujene 0.001 ± 0.001 0.10 ± 0.05 0.020 ± 0.006 1.0 ± 0.6
Sesquiterpenes
21 Alloaromadendrene 0.001 ± 0.001 0.2 ± 0.2 0.01 ± 0.01 0.7 ± 0.4
22 Aromadendrene 0.003 ± 0.001 2.0 ± 1.3 0.103 ± 0.080 4 ± 2
23 (E)-β-Caryophyllene nd 0.2 ± 0.2 0.010 ± 0.006 0.1 ± 0.1
24 α-Copaene 0.001 ± 0.001 0.10 ± 0.04 0.010 ± 0.003 0.3 ± 0.2
25 Epiglobulol 0.001 ± 0.001 0.10 ± 0.05 0.001 ± 0.001 0.24 ± 0.20
26 α-Gurjunene 0.001 ± 0.001 0.4 ± 0.4 0.04 ± 0.02 1.6 ± 1.3
27 β-Gurjunene 0.0003 ± 0.0002 0.020 ± 0.001 0.001 ± 0.001 0.13 ± 0.03
30 γ-Gurjunene 0.0002 ± 0.0001 0.10 ± 0.06 0.010 ± 0.001 0.13 ± 0.05
31 Isoledene 0.0004 ± 0.0001 0.1 ± 0.1 0.010 ± 0.003 0.4 ± 0.3
32 γ-Muurolene 0.0010 ± 0.0001 0.1 ± 0.1 0.010 ± 0.001 0.2 ± 0.1
33 Viridiflorene 0.002 ± 0.001 0.6 ± 0.5 0.10 ± 0.04 1 ± 1
Saturated aldehydes
34 Decanal 0.003 ± 0.001 0.3 ± 0.1 0.002 ± 0.001 0.3 ± 0.1
35 Heptanal 0.0010 ± 0.0001 0.05 ± 0.03 0.0010 ± 0.0004 0.04 ± 0.02
36 Nonanal 0.003 ± 0.002 0.3 ± 0.2 0.004 ± 0.002 0.30 ± 0.02
37 Octanal 0.002 ± 0.001 0.1 ± 0.1 0.002 ± 0.002 0.04 ± 0.03
Benzenoids
38 Benzaldehyde 0.0020 ± 0.0001 0.02 ± 0.02 0.010 ± 0.002 0.65 ± 0.25
39 o-Xylene 0.010 ± 0.001 0.01 ± 0.01 0.020 ± 0.001 0.001 ± 0.030
40 p-Xylene 0.010 ± 0.006 0.02 ± 0.01 0.020 ± 0.001 0.001 ± 0.010
GGDP pathway volatiles
41 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one 0.0020 ± 0.0001 0.1 ± 0.1 0.005 ± 0.001 0.3 ± 0.3
42 Geranyl acetone 0.030 ± 0.002 0.3 ± 0.1 0.10 ± 0.01 0.5 ± 0.3