TABLE 3.
Studies that have used repetitive TMS as a tool to cocaine or methamphetamine craving
This study performed 10 Hz TMS on the superior frontal gyrus and found an increase in craving but did not find a decrease in craving with 1 Hz to the superior frontal gyrus (L, left; R, right).
| Author | Drug of Abuse | Sample Size | Site of TMS | Frequency | Sessions | Behavioral Effect? | Active Sham Control |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Camprodon et al. (2007) | Cocaine | 6 | L/R DLPFC | 10 Hz | 1 | Yes | Within subject |
| Hanlon et al. (2015b) | Cocaine | 11 | L vMPFC | cTBS | 6a | Yes | Within subject |
| Hanlon et al. (2017) | Cocaine | 25 | L MPFC | cTBS | 6a | Yes | Within subject |
| Politi et al. (2008) | Cocaine | 36 | L DLPFC | 15 Hz | 10 | Yes | No |
| Rapinesi et al. (2016) | Cocaine | 7 | L DLPFCb | 20 Hz | 12 | Yes | Between groups |
| Bolloni et al. (2016) | Cocaine | 10 | Bilat PFC/Insb | 10 Hz | 12 | No | Between groups |
| Terraneo et al. (2016) | Cocaine | 32 | L DLPFC | 15 Hz | >8 | Yes | No |
| Li et al. (2013b) | Meth. | 10 | L DLPFC | 1 Hz | 1 day | No | Within subject |
PFC, prefrontal cortex.
a
Multiple sessions were given in a single day.
b
Studies used H-coil TMS devices (Brainsway, Jerusalem, Israel). This deep TMS coil geometry has a very different field distribution than the typical figure of eight coils.