Table 2.
Maternal demographic and clinical characteristics associated with postpartum GTT completion among women returning for postpartum care
| Bivariable analyses | Multivariable analyses | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No GTT n ¼ 281 |
GTT n ¼ 279 |
p-Value | GTT OR(95% CI) | GTT aOR (95% CI)a | |
| Age (y) | 33.2 ± 5.1 | 33.1 ± 5.5 | 0.79 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | – |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 33.4 ± 7.3 | 34.0 ± 7.4 | 0.39 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | – |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.23 | – | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 80 (28.5) | 60 (21.5) | Reference | ||
| Hispanic | 69 (24.6) | 70 (25.1) | 1.4 (0.9–2.4) | ||
| Non-Hispanic black | 54 (19.2) | 58 (20.8) | 2.1 (1.2–3.8) | ||
| Asian | 27 (9.6) | 43 (15.4) | 1.8 (0.6–2.3) | ||
| Other or unknown | 51 (18.2) | 48 (17.2) | 1.4 (0.8–2.2) | ||
| Medicaid insurance | 67 (28.8) | 121 (49.6) | <0.001 | 2.4 (1.7–3.6) | 2.0 (1.3–2.9) |
| Non-English language | 10 (3.6) | 20 (7.2) | 0.06 | 2.1 (1.0–4.6) | 1.4 (0.5–3.6) |
| Married | 181 (64.4) | 165 (59.1) | 0.20 | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | – |
| Nulliparous | 136 (48.4) | 138 (49.5) | 0.80 | 1.0 (0.8–1.5) | – |
| Tobacco use | 8 (2.9) | 7 (2.5) | 0.06 | 0.9 (0.3–2.5) | 0.7 (0.2–2.1) |
| Resident or Fellow involvement | 75 (26.7) | 138 (49.5) | <0.001 | 2.7 (1.9–3.8) | –b |
| Late presentation to care (> 24 wk) | 25 (8.9) | 61 (21.9) | <0.001 | 2.9 (1.7–4.7) | 3.5 (1.8–6.6) |
| Preterm delivery (<37 wk) | 42 (14.9) | 32 (11.5) | 0.22 | 0.7 (0.5–1.2) | – |
| Multiple gestation | 18 (6.4) | 20 (7.2) | 0.72 | 1.1 (0.6–2.2) | – |
| GDM type A2 | 59 (21.0) | 74 (26.5) | 0.12 | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | – |
| Gestational age at time of GDM diagnosis | 0.005 | ||||
| Routine 24–28 wk | 194 (69.0) | 202 (72.4) | Reference | Reference | |
| Early < 24 wk | 34 (12.1) | 49 (17.6) | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 1.5 (0.9–2.5) | |
| Late > 28 wk | 53 (18.9) | 28 (10.0) | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.4 (0.2–0.8) | |
| Route of delivery | 0.83 | – | |||
| Cesarean | 113 (40.2) | 113 (40.5) | Reference | ||
| Spontaneous vaginal | 154 (54.8) | 149 (53.4) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | ||
| Operative vaginal | 14 (5.0) | 17 (6.1) | 1.2 (0.6–2.6) | ||
| NICU admission | 67 (23.9) | 58 (20.8) | 0.37 | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | – |
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; GDM type A2, medication controlled gestational diabetes mellitus; GTT, glucose tolerance test; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit.
Note: Bivariable analyses presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation. Statistically significant values are identified in bold.
a
Adjusted for factors with p < 0.1: Medicaid insurance, non-English language, transfer/late presentation to care, tobacco use, gestational age at the time of GDM diagnosis.
b
Not retained in the model due to collinearity with payer status.