Table 2.
Characteristics (numbers) of 14,364 participants by sex and blood sample status
| Sex | Blood samples | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Men (N = 6907) | Women (N = 7457) | Present (N = 8497) | Absent (N = 5867) |
| Age group (years) | P = 0.1804 | P < 0.0001 | ||
| ≤ 49 | 1277 (18.5%) | 1429 (19.2%) | 1483 (17.5%) | 1213 (20.7%) |
| 50–59 | 1938 (28.1%) | 2161 (29.0%) | 2333 (27.5%) | 1746 (29.8%) |
| 60–69 | 2596 (37.6%) | 2759 (37.0%) | 3399 (40.0%) | 1952 (33.3%) |
| ≥ 70 | 1096 (15.9%) | 1108 (14.9%) | 1282 (15.1%) | 956 (16.3%) |
| Education level | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | ||
| Junior high school | 1889 (28.2%) | 2368 (32.6%) | 2330 (28.0%) | 1927 (34.2%) |
| High school | 3597 (53.6%) | 3360 (46.3%) | 4258 (51.1%) | 2699 (47.9%) |
| Junior college | 614 (9.2%) | 1338 (18.4%) | 1263 (15.2%) | 689 (12.2%) |
| University or higher | 607 (9.0%) | 194 (2.7%) | 482 (5.8%) | 319 (5.7%) |
| Household income (yen) | P < 0.0001 | P = 0.0282 | ||
| 0–2,990,000 | 2199 (33.6%) | 2687 (41.2%) | 1967 (38.3%) | 2919 (36.8%) |
| 3,000,000–5,990,000 | 2786 (42.6%) | 2409 (36.9%) | 1956 (38.1%) | 3239 (40.8%) |
| 6,000,000–8,990,000 | 1056 (16.1%) | 944 (14.5%) | 795 (15.5%) | 1205 (15.2%) |
| 9,000,000–11,990,000 | 305 (4.7%) | 295 (4.5%) | 253 (4.9%) | 347 (4.4%) |
| ≥12,000,000 | 190 (2.9%) | 195 (3.0%) | 160 (3.1%) | 225 (2.8%) |
| Activities of daily living | P = 0.0455 | P < 0.0001 | ||
| No disability | 6369 (93.5%) | 6798 (92.3%) | 7968 (94.1%) | 5199 (91.1%) |
| Some disability, but able to go out alone | 399 (5.9%) | 520 (7.1%) | 481 (5.7%) | 438 (7.7%) |
| Living by oneself indoors, but need help outdoors | 25 (0.4%) | 26 (0.4%) | 11 (0.1%) | 40 (0.7%) |
| Need help indoors | 4 (0.1%) | 2 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (0.1%) |
| Bedridden | 14 (0.2%) | 19 (0.3%) | 6 (0.1%) | 27 (0.5%) |
| Body mass index | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | ||
| < 18.5 | 206 (3.0%) | 492 (6.6%) | 400 (4.7%) | 298 (5.2%) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 4614 (67.2%) | 5313 (71.7%) | 6040 (71.2%) | 3887 (67.2%) |
| 25.0–29.9 | 1810 (26.4%) | 1341 (18.1%) | 1791 (21.1%) | 1360 (23.5%) |
| ≥ 30.0 | 233 (3.4%) | 261 (3.5%) | 256 (3.0%) | 238 (4.1%) |
| Smoking (cigarettes/day) | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | ||
| Non-smoker | 1244 (18.1%) | 6335 (85.5%) | 4868 (57.4%) | 2711 (46.8%) |
| Past smoker | 3338 (48.6%) | 548 (7.4%) | 2312 (27.3%) | 1574 (27.2%) |
| 1–19 | 824 (12.0%) | 394 (5.3%) | 582 (6.9%) | 636 (11.0%) |
| ≥ 20 | 1462 (21.3%) | 130 (1.8%) | 721 (8.5%) | 871 (15.0%) |
| Alcohol consumption (grams of ethanol/week) | P < 0.0001 | P < 0.0001 | ||
| None or rarely | 1333 (19.4%) | 4899 (66.0%) | 3715 (43.8%) | 2517 (43.3%) |
| 1–149 | 1730 (25.2%) | 2009 (27.1%) | 2419 (28.5%) | 1320 (22.7%) |
| 150–299 | 1335 (19.4%) | 271 (3.7%) | 935 (11.0%) | 671 (11.6%) |
| 300–449 | 1213 (17.6%) | 149 (2.0%) | 753 (8.9%) | 609 (10.5%) |
| ≥ 450 | 1265 (18.4%) | 91 (1.2%) | 666 (7.9%) | 690 (11.9%) |
| Sex | P < 0.0001 | |||
| Men | – | – | 3710 (43.7%) | 3197 (54.5%) |
| Women | – | – | 4787 (56.3%) | 2670 (45.5%) |
P values were calculated by the χ2 test between men and women and between those with and without blood samples. Missing values are generated except for “age group” and “sex”