Table 4.
Changes in blood biochemical and hematological markers before and after resistance training and supplementation
| Variable | Placebo | CIT-malate | GSH + CIT | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 8 weeks | Baseline | 8 weeks | Baseline | 8 weeks | |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 93.3 ± 2.7 | 93.1 ± 3.4 | 97.5 ± 3.4 | 101.8 ± 3.9 | 93.9 ± 1.7 | 93.5 ± 2.8 |
| Total protein (g/dl) | 7.3 ± 0.1 | 7.2 ± 0.1 | 7.4 ± 0.1 | 7.2 ± 0.1 | 7.4 ± 0.1 | 7.3 ± 0.1 |
| Urea nitrogen (mg/dl) | 18.6 ± 0.9 | 16.9 ± 0.6 | 16.8 ± 0.8 | 16.9 ± 0.7 | 16.1 ± 0.7* | 15.4 ± 0.5 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.1 ± 0.03 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 1.1 ± 0.03 | 1.1 ± 0.04 | 1.0 ± 0.02 | 1.0 ± 0.02 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.6 ± 0.05 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.08 | 0.6 ± 0.05 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.07 |
| AST (IU/l) | 25.9 ± 1.9 | 23.4 ± 1.4 | 23.8 ± 1.5 | 21.3 ± 1.3 | 25.6 ± 3.2 | 21.8 ± 1.8 |
| ALT (IU/l) | 26.0 ± 2.4 | 25.8 ± 2.8 | 24.9 ± 2.4 | 22.9 ± 1.8 | 28.3 ± 7.9 | 20.0 ± 1.4 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 4.9 ± 0.04 | 4.7 ± 0.05 | 4.9 ± 0.05 | 4.7 ± 0.05 | 4.8 ± 0.05 | 4.7 ± 0.04 |
| Albumin/Globulin | 2.0 ± 0.04 | 1.9 ± 0.05 | 2.0 ± 0.07 | 1.9 ± 0.06 | 1.9 ± 0.05 | 1.8 ± 0.05 |
| ALP (IU/l) | 71.0 ± 3.4 | 71.3 ± 4.4 | 74.9 ± 4.5 | 73.0 ± 4.5 | 71.5 ± 4.4 | 71.0 ± 3.5 |
| WBC (× 103/μl) | 5.5 ± 0.3 | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 6.2 ± 0.3 | 5.7 ± 0.3 | 6.1 ± 0.3 | 5.7 ± 0.3 |
| RBC (× 106/μl) | 5.1 ± 0.08 | 5.1 ± 0.07 | 5.1 ± 0.07 | 5.1 ± 0.06 | 5.1 ± 0.05 | 5.1 ± 0.06 |
| Hb (g/dl) | 15.3 ± 0.2 | 15.3 ± 0.2 | 15.1 ± 0.2 | 15.0 ± 0.1 | 15.1 ± 0.2 | 15.0 ± 0.2 |
| Platelet (× 103/μl) | 222.3 ± 7.3 | 203.2 ± 7.1 | 218.2 ± 10.9 | 212.4 ± 8.0 | 237.3 ± 14.2 | 223.5 ± 12.2 |
| Red cell distribution width | 13.1 ± 0.1 | 13.2 ± 0.2 | 13.3 ± 0.1 | 13.5 ± 0.4 | 13.2 ± 0.1 | 13.1 ± 0.1 |
| Absolute Neutrophils (μl− 1) | 3042.8 ± 217.4 | 2877.7 ± 300.0 | 3652.2 ± 306.1 | 3292.4 ± 318.9 | 3548.3 ± 235.3 | 3312.7 ± 259.4 |
| Absolute Lymphocytes (μl− 1) | 1864.1 ± 87.4 | 1784.3 ± 93.9 | 2032.1 ± 131.4 | 1902.7 ± 85.5 | 1956.6 ± 110.3 | 1780.1 ± 84.8 |
| Absolute Monocytes (μl− 1) | 411.4 ± 39.6 | 457.7 ± 35.3 | 371.8 ± 25.6 | 370.5 ± 30.7 | 445.8 ± 39.1 | 402.3 ± 38.1 |
| Absolute Eosinophil s (μl− 1) | 185.5 ± 30.1 | 209.7 ± 36.2 | 130.5 ± 16.6 | 312.8 ± 79.5 | 155.6 ± 30.2 | 256.9 ± 43.8 |
| Absolute Basophils (μl− 1) | 33.8 ± 4.4 | 20.9 ± 1.9 | 31.2 ± 3.3 | 26.8 ± 3.2 | 22.8 ± 2.7* | 22.1 ± 2.6 |
Mean ± SEM, *Significantly different from Placebo (p < 0.05). AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, ALP alkaline phosphatase, WBC white blood cell, RBC red blood cell, Hb hemoglobin