Table 1.
Participants' characteristics and clinical data at the time of recruitment.
| Participants | Age (Years) | Gender | Type of stroke | Side of lesion | Lesion location | Days after stroke | FMA score | MMSE score | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UE a | Hand b | ||||||||
| Control group | |||||||||
| 1 | 40 | Female | I | Left | Corona radiata | 80 | 42 | 2 | 25 |
| 2 | 60 | Male | I | Left | Thalamus | 138 | 52 | 3 | 29 |
| 3 | 68 | Female | H | Left | Thalamus | 64 | 48 | 3 | 27 |
| 4 | 65 | Female | I | Right | Subcortical | 79 | 50 | 4 | 26 |
| 5 | 34 | Male | I | Right | Basal ganglia | 37 | 50 | 3 | 28 |
| 6 | 72 | Female | I | Right | Thalamus | 32 | 44 | 2 | 24 |
| Mean (SD) | 56.5 (15.72) | 71.7 (38.4) | 47.67 (3.89) | 2.83 (0.75) | 26.5 (1.87) | ||||
| Frequency | 2 Male/4 Female | 5 I/1 H | 3 Left/3 Right | ||||||
| Experimental group | |||||||||
| 7 | 63 | Female | H | Left | Thalamus and parietal lobe | 45 | 46 | 3 | 24 |
| 8 | 62 | Male | I | Right | Cortical and sub-cortical | 122 | 52 | 3 | 28 |
| 9 | 39 | Male | H | Right | Basal ganglia | 159 | 38 | 2 | 25 |
| 1 | 69 | Male | I | Right | Thalamus | 53 | 48 | 4 | 27 |
| 11 | 55 | Male | H | Left | Thalamus | 101 | 49 | 3 | 28 |
| 12 | 43 | Male | I | Left | Caudate and corona radiata | 39 | 48 | 4 | 29 |
| Mean (SD) | 55.17 (11.91) | 86.5 (48.6) | 46.83 (4.75) | 3.17 (0.75) | 26.83 (1.94) | ||||
| Frequency | 5 Male/1Female | 3 I/3 H | 3 Left/3 Right | ||||||
FMA: Fugl Meyer assessment, MMSE: mini-mental state examination (out of 30), UEa: motor and coordination score of upper extremity (out of 66), Handb: flexion/extension score of FMA-hand item (out of 4), SD: standard deviation, I: infarction, H: hemorrhage.